. Annual report of the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University and the Agricultural Experiment Station. New York State College of Agriculture; Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station; Agriculture -- New York (State). FlG. I'jJ. — Outlet for pond. A, dike; B, overflow; C, cores; D, concrete walls; E, apron; F, drainpipe; G, gate valve; II, screen. if^i TUllA mmmm >iiCT^ Fig. 178.— Outlet for pond. A, bottom of pond; B, sewer pipe; C, dike; D, stand pipe support; E, standpipe; F, water surface scribed, and in place of the disk plug, two three-foot lengths of pi
. Annual report of the New York State College of Agriculture at Cornell University and the Agricultural Experiment Station. New York State College of Agriculture; Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station; Agriculture -- New York (State). FlG. I'jJ. — Outlet for pond. A, dike; B, overflow; C, cores; D, concrete walls; E, apron; F, drainpipe; G, gate valve; II, screen. if^i TUllA mmmm >iiCT^ Fig. 178.— Outlet for pond. A, bottom of pond; B, sewer pipe; C, dike; D, stand pipe support; E, standpipe; F, water surface scribed, and in place of the disk plug, two three-foot lengths of pipe cemented together are loosely set in the elbow. It is necessary to select pipe and elbow that are truly circular and to make the joint as close fitting as possible with cement. This vStandpipe will main- tain a depth of water of a little over six feet, and when it is desired to drain the pond, the standpipe is merely lifted out of the elbow. Making the pond water-tight A pond excavated in heavy clayey or loamy soil will seldom need special treatment if the dikes are built compactly and care is taken to have them fest on bare soil. If the soil is light and porous, however, puddling must be resorted to. In certain cases where there is but little sand in the soil, it may only be necessary to loosen the soil in the bottom of the pond with a harrow as the water is first turned in, and, as the water level rises, to continue harrowing around the margin of the pond, partly in and partly out of water. This will roil the water, and the finer sediment will be deposited in the pores of the subsoil. (See description of the Sam Bailey pond, page 2018.) In the case of very porous soils of sand and gravel, it may be necessary to draw in heavy soil and scatter it evenly over the bottom. This should be stirred up when the water is turned in until a very muddy condition results. Subsequent settling will usually make the bottom impervious. 127. Please note that these images are extracted fr
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