. The book of wheat : an economic history and practical manual of the wheat industry. ssible for any other motor power to compete successfullywith man himself. India, largely using human labor, oftenat a cost of but 4 to 8 cents per day, has been so successful incompeting with more civilized nations using other forms ofpower as to assume fourth rank among the wheat raising na-tions, and to be able to undersell many of them in the worldmarkets. Hand labor is used almost exclusively in raising wheatin China, Japan, Siam, Syria and Colombia, and very exten-sively in Egypt and parts of Greece, Spa
. The book of wheat : an economic history and practical manual of the wheat industry. ssible for any other motor power to compete successfullywith man himself. India, largely using human labor, oftenat a cost of but 4 to 8 cents per day, has been so successful incompeting with more civilized nations using other forms ofpower as to assume fourth rank among the wheat raising na-tions, and to be able to undersell many of them in the worldmarkets. Hand labor is used almost exclusively in raising wheatin China, Japan, Siam, Syria and Colombia, and very exten-sively in Egypt and parts of Greece, Spain, Mexico, and someof the South American republics. Animal Power.—The first one of the forces of nature whichman subdued and utilized in relieving himself of some of thedrudgeries incidental to agriculture was that of the domesti-cated beast. There are no marked periods of progress in power is by far the most universally used in agricul-tural operations. As a rule, oxen aie found in communities R. C. Bui. 56. p. 12. == U. S. Daily Consular Repts., Oct. to Dec. CULTIVATION OF WHEAT 61 less developed agriculturally and horses in the more developedones. For example, oxen were preferred to horses in Englandfrom 1250 to 1650. Steam.—After nearly two centuries of projection and in-vention, steam was successfully used for agricultural oper-ations in England in 1832. The system adopted Avas that ofdi-agging the implements by the aid of pulleys and a cable re-volved by a stationary steam engine. This method in improvedform is still found in Europe. The movable engine appearedbefore 1850. In the United States, activity in the inventionof steam plows began in 1861, and it was perhaps entirely con-fined to the use of the traction engine. On the Pacific coast,steam is used quite extensively in the cultivation of wheat, es-pecially on the laiger farms. In Germany and Hungary therewas about one steam plow to every 10 small plows in have also been experiments
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