Monuments of the early church . ts of concentric rows of pillarsor columns. In this connection, however, we are alreadybrought a step nearer S. Yitale by the octagonal church whichConstantine constructed at Antioch. The account of Eusebiusseems to represent that it was surrounded by deep niches,alternately square and semicircular, which were divided bygalleries into upper and lower stories. THE CENTRAL TYPE— Composite Plan 139 COMPOSITE PLAN This topic comprises two distinct early types of building,besides the Byzantine polygonal type. The fundamental dis-tinction between the two early types i
Monuments of the early church . ts of concentric rows of pillarsor columns. In this connection, however, we are alreadybrought a step nearer S. Yitale by the octagonal church whichConstantine constructed at Antioch. The account of Eusebiusseems to represent that it was surrounded by deep niches,alternately square and semicircular, which were divided bygalleries into upper and lower stories. THE CENTRAL TYPE— Composite Plan 139 COMPOSITE PLAN This topic comprises two distinct early types of building,besides the Byzantine polygonal type. The fundamental dis-tinction between the two early types is that the first (Fig. 44,a, b and c) was roofed with wood, the second (Fig. 44, d, e and/)surmounted by dome and vault. It cannot be claimed that the first type had any influenceupon the development of the Byzantine style beyond the merelyformal suggestion which was given by its concentric all other respects it stands at the farthest remove from theByzantine style of construction, and in the closest relation to. d the central type. Composite plan. d, S. Costanza, Eome. e, Lateran Baptistery. /, S. George, Ezra. the basilica. Its fundamental features were: a circular (orpolygonal) wall enclosing two or more concentric colonnades,each of which — like the colonnades of the basilica — supporteda wall upon which rested the roof. The room within the cen-tral colonnade was sometimes completely or partially uncov-ered ; and in this case the roof of the surrounding aisles had theshape of a truncated cone. In case the central room was cov-ered, its walls were raised high above the aisles (like a clearstory)for the admission of windows, and surmounted by a conicalroof. What has been said in reference to the basilica, abouttechnic of construction, about wall decoration, ceiling, floor,columns, and arcades, applies equally here. Certain generalsimilarities of scheme between this type and the basilica willalso readily be noticed. But the attempt which has been made 140 A
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