Archive image from page 125 of Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy (1914). Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy cunninghamstextb00cunn Year: 1914 ( 92 OSTEOLOGY. frequently becomes developed so as to form a bridge of bone across it, converting the groove into a canal through which the vertebral artery and the posterior ramus of the suboccipital nerve pass—a condition normally met with in many animals. It is noteworthy that the grooves traversed by the two highest spinal nerves lie behind the articular processes, in place of in front, as in other parts of the column. The ring formed by the lateral
Archive image from page 125 of Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy (1914). Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy cunninghamstextb00cunn Year: 1914 ( 92 OSTEOLOGY. frequently becomes developed so as to form a bridge of bone across it, converting the groove into a canal through which the vertebral artery and the posterior ramus of the suboccipital nerve pass—a condition normally met with in many animals. It is noteworthy that the grooves traversed by the two highest spinal nerves lie behind the articular processes, in place of in front, as in other parts of the column. The ring formed by the lateral masses and the anterior and posterior arches is of irregular outline. The anterior part, cut off from the rest by the transverse ligament, serves for the lodgment of the dens of the epistropheus; the larger part behind corresponds to the upper part of the vertebral canal. Epistropheus or Second Cervical Vertebra.—This is characterised by the presence of the tooth-like dens ( odontoid process) which projects upwards from the superior surface of the body. Slightly constricted where it joins the body, the decs tapers to a blunt point superiorly, on the sides of which there are surfaces for the attachment of the alar ligaments. When the atlas and epistropheus are articulated this process lies behind the anterior arch of the atlas, and displays on its anterior surface an oval or circular facet which rests on that on the posterior surface of the anterior arch of the atlas. On the posterior aspect of the neck of the dens there is a shallow groove in which lies the transverse ligament of the atlas, which holds it in position. Dens Groove for transverse ligament of the atlas Superior articular surface n, Articular surface for_ anterior arch of atlas Superior articular — process t;, ft Groove for .transverse ligament of the atlas Spine Body- Foramen for vertebral artery Inferior articular process
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