Handbook of archaeology, Egyptian - Greek - Etruscan - Roman . joined Grecian architecture arrived at perfection, it adopted threedifferent kinds of masonry :—the isodomum ; courses of stone of thesame height, and in general very long: the pseudo-isodomum ; coursesof stone of irregular height : the emplecton, for extraordinarythicknesses. The two faces of the wall were built with cut stone, andthe intervening space was filled with rough stones imbedded inmortar, and, at certain distances, stones (Starovoi) long enough toextend to both sides, consolidated this kind of construction
Handbook of archaeology, Egyptian - Greek - Etruscan - Roman . joined Grecian architecture arrived at perfection, it adopted threedifferent kinds of masonry :—the isodomum ; courses of stone of thesame height, and in general very long: the pseudo-isodomum ; coursesof stone of irregular height : the emplecton, for extraordinarythicknesses. The two faces of the wall were built with cut stone, andthe intervening space was filled with rough stones imbedded inmortar, and, at certain distances, stones (Starovoi) long enough toextend to both sides, consolidated this kind of construction. Italian.—In Italy the stages of the development of masonry arenot very different from those followed in Greece. The followingdivision of the relative antiquity of the different styles of masonryin ancient walls seems to be approved of by the best authorities,and may answer for the description of walls both in Greece andItaly, for the sequence of styles was similar in both countries. First,the Cyclopean, composed of unhewn masses, rudely piled up, with. CYCLOlEAN WALLS. no further adjustment than the insertion of small blocks in theinterstices, and so described by Pausanias. j Of this rudest style ofmasonry few specimens now exist; the most celebrated one is thecitadel of Tiryns. The second style, which we would call thePolygonal, though generally called the Pelasgian, is a natural andobvious improvement of the former. The improvement consists infitting the side of the polygonal blocks to each other, so thatexteriorly the walls may present a smooth and solid surface. Whatgoes far to prove the high antiquity of this polygonal masonry isthe primitive style of its gateways, and the absence of the arch in b 2 4 HANDBOOK OF ARCHEOLOGY. connection with it; and also that it is found as a substruction underwalls built in the horizontal style, which is of later origin, as inthe walls of Cosa. This style is prevalent at Mycense, and also to
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