. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 198. E. virgrinicus. Two spikelets X 1, Spikelet with glumes detached x 2. Floret X 2. * Glumes as long as the lemmas or nearly so. *- Glumes and rigid, all or only the latter awned. ++ Glumes bowed out, the base yellow and indurated for 1-2 mm, 1. E. virginicus L, Green or glaucous ; culms stout, 6-10 dm. high; sheaths smooth or hairy; blades dm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, scabrous ; spike 4-14 cm. long, 12 mm. thick, rigidly upright, of
. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 198. E. virgrinicus. Two spikelets X 1, Spikelet with glumes detached x 2. Floret X 2. * Glumes as long as the lemmas or nearly so. *- Glumes and rigid, all or only the latter awned. ++ Glumes bowed out, the base yellow and indurated for 1-2 mm, 1. E. virginicus L, Green or glaucous ; culms stout, 6-10 dm. high; sheaths smooth or hairy; blades dm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, scabrous ; spike 4-14 cm. long, 12 mm. thick, rigidly upright, often included at the base in the upper sheath ; spikelets 2-3-flowered; the lemmas smooth, bearing a scabrous awn 4-18 mm. long, exceeding the lanceolate strongly-nerved awn-pointed glabrous glumes. — River banks, moist wood- lands, etc., JSf. S. to ria., and westw. July-Sept. — In the Linnean specimen the spike is exserted and the awn is about the length of the lemma. Fig. 193. Var. HiRSUTioLtMis (Soribn.) Hitchc. Glumes and lemmas hirsute, glumes some- what narrower ; spike usually more slender. — Me. to Va. and Neb. Var. suBjifrTicus Hook. Lemma and glumes awnless or short awn-pointed, scabrous. — 0. to Minn., Kan., and westw. ++ ++ Glumes straight, not or but little indurated at base. = Culms stout; spikes 1-2 cm. thick. 2. E. anstrHlis Scribn. & Ball. Intermediate between E. virginicus and the next, green; culms m. high, rather slender; leaves 2-4 dm. long, narrowed toward the base; spike exserted, erect, 8-14 cm. long, cm. thick; glumes and lemmas hirsute; awns spreading, often 2 cm. long. — Woods and prairies, Ct. to Mo., and southw. — Glumes slightly indurated at base. 3. E. canadensis L. Green or glaucous; culms 6-16 dm. high ; leaves often 1-2 cm. broad; spike 1-2 dm. long, exserted, soon nodding, loose or inter- rupted below; glumes and lemmas hirsute, with long spreading awns. — Sandy soil, N. S. to Man., and southw. Fig. 194. Var. GLA
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