Zeus : a study in ancient religion . ian collection at Glasgow ( Types of Gk. Coins p. 165pi. 9, 15 and 16, J. N. Svoronos Nu-viisDiatique de la Crete ancienjte Macon1890 i. 331 pi. 31, 8, Hunter Cat. Coinsii. 200 pi. 43, 7, Head Hist, num.^p. 479). Obv. Apollon, seated to righton the trunk of a bay-tree, holding awreath in his left hand. Rev. Apollon,seated to right on the trunk of a bay-tfee, holding a lyre in his left hand. Fig. 1012 is drawn from a cast kindly supplied to meby Mr G. Macdonald. ii. 493. I am indebted to Mr B. F. C. Atkinson for the following important com-municatio


Zeus : a study in ancient religion . ian collection at Glasgow ( Types of Gk. Coins p. 165pi. 9, 15 and 16, J. N. Svoronos Nu-viisDiatique de la Crete ancienjte Macon1890 i. 331 pi. 31, 8, Hunter Cat. Coinsii. 200 pi. 43, 7, Head Hist, num.^p. 479). Obv. Apollon, seated to righton the trunk of a bay-tree, holding awreath in his left hand. Rev. Apollon,seated to right on the trunk of a bay-tfee, holding a lyre in his left hand. Fig. 1012 is drawn from a cast kindly supplied to meby Mr G. Macdonald. ii. 493. I am indebted to Mr B. F. C. Atkinson for the following important com-munication (Feb. 25, 1922):—^Note on Apollo and the Apple. It seems to me that thephilological obstacles to this connection are not insurmountable. Professor E. H. Sturtevant{Pronunciation of Greek and Latin, Chicago 1920 pp. 91 ff.) has shown that, while in Greekthe unvoiced stops were lenes, that is, pronounced without force, and the voiced stopswere fortes, the reverse was true in Latin. This is the reason why in certain cases of 77—2. Fig. 1012. I2 20 Addenda transliteration from one language into the other ^(7) and k{K), d [5) and /(r), d (/3) and/ (tt) are interchangeable: for references and examples see my article on Apollo and theApple in the Biclletin of the John Rylands Library, Manchester, 1922 vii. 138— have in this article tried to show that in respect of the sets of stops which are fortes orlenes there is a probability of the lllyrian dialects agreeing with Latin rather than then, as I have ventured to surmise, the gods name were borrowed by the Greeksfrom an lllyrian dialect, in which the form had a voiced stop and was connected with thestem meaning apple, which runs through the northern languages and appears probablyin the name of Ahella in Campania, the unvoicing of the stop in transmission, that is tosay, the change from b to p, need cause us no surprise. The suggestion is somewhatstrengthened by the occurrence of the proper names Abellio (dat. Abel


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