The American journal of science and arts . are to be found in considerable abundance, in variouspositions, large and strong trunks of plants which appear to remainin their natural position, and which have been able to withstand theforce of such torrents, if it can be proved that any such did vertical plants I have generally found to be the seginarias, the stigmariae, and Calamites, (speaking generally)on the contrary do not appear to have been sufficiently strong to 112 Vegetation of the First Period of an Ancient World. have resisted any revolutionary influence. Be
The American journal of science and arts . are to be found in considerable abundance, in variouspositions, large and strong trunks of plants which appear to remainin their natural position, and which have been able to withstand theforce of such torrents, if it can be proved that any such did vertical plants I have generally found to be the seginarias, the stigmariae, and Calamites, (speaking generally)on the contrary do not appear to have been sufficiently strong to 112 Vegetation of the First Period of an Ancient World. have resisted any revolutionary influence. Below the high mainseam (which, according to Mr. Forsters section of the strata is onehundred and fifty yards below the surface,) in a sand-stone, thereare numbers of fossil plants standing erect, with their roots in a smallseam of coal lying below. These stems, as you will perceive bythe following diagram, are truncated, and lost in this seam, leavingroom to believe they may have formed part of this combustiblemass or bed. HIGH MAIN Again, in some of the seams, when the coal is worked away by theminers, the roof often falls. This is, to a considerable degree, ow-ing to the number of vegetable impressions breaking the coherenceof the stratum, and bringing these fossils along with it. It must beobserved, that in almost every instance they are surrounded by acoating of very fine coal of about one-half or three-fourths of an inchthick, having a polished surface with very little attachment to thesurrounding matter. This I doubt not is the cause of the fall j thefossil dropping out sometimes as much as three feet in length, leav-ing a hole in the roof almost perfectly circular. Often it falls inthese large pieces, but sometimes the nature of the shale, of whichits substance is composed, causes it to fall in portions of differentthickness. It is to these falling pieces that the miners expressiveterm (kettle bottoms) applies.
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookpublishernewhavensconverse, bookyear1820
