Practical nursing : a text-book for nurses . he sphygmomanometeris usually used for the purpose. The sphygmoma- 1 See page 764. 268 Practical Nursing nometer consists of: (i) an clastic bag outside of whichis a leather cuff; (2) a mercury manometer whichis connected with the elastic bag by means of rubbertubing and also with (3) an air-pump. The manner ofusing the apparatus is as follows: The elastic bag covered with the cuff is strapped around the patientsarm and then inflated by working the pump until nopulsation can be felt in the radial artery at the height at which the mercury s
Practical nursing : a text-book for nurses . he sphygmomanometeris usually used for the purpose. The sphygmoma- 1 See page 764. 268 Practical Nursing nometer consists of: (i) an clastic bag outside of whichis a leather cuff; (2) a mercury manometer whichis connected with the elastic bag by means of rubbertubing and also with (3) an air-pump. The manner ofusing the apparatus is as follows: The elastic bag covered with the cuff is strapped around the patientsarm and then inflated by working the pump until nopulsation can be felt in the radial artery at the height at which the mercury stands in the ma-nometer is then read. This gives the maximum orsystolic pressure. The pressure on the arm is thenreduced until the widest oscillations of the mercurycolumn are obtained, and the lowest position of themercury meniscus gives the minimum or diastolicblood pressure. Average Normal Degree of Blood Pressure.—The systolic pressure, when the subject is about 30or 35 years of age and in good health, raises the mer- MercuryManometer. Elastic B ag Fig. 18. Sphygmomanometer Temperature, Pulse, and Respiration 269 cury in the manometer about no to 120 millimetersand diastolic pressure raises it 75 to 85 millimeters,therefore the normal systolic blood pressure for theseages is said to be no to 120 mms. (millimeters) andthe diastolic pressure 75 to 85 mms. Conditions which Cause Variation in Tension.—Blood pressure is higher in adults than in children,and greater in old age after the arteries have lost theirelasticity than in youth and middle age. Also bloodpressure varies somewhat in every individual, even inhealth, all the conditions that cause changes in theforce and frequency of the heart-beat changing thedegree of pressure. Some of the abnormal causes of high pressure arechronic nephritis, hypertrophy of the heart, anginapectoris, almost any condition causing cerebralpressure, gout, and lead poisoning. Among the more common causes of abnormallylow blood-pressure are s
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