Twentieth century hand-book for steam engineers and electricians, with questions and answers .. . rnor?s meant by the term fixed cut off?s meant by an automatic cut off?s an isochronal governor?s an adjustable cut off? 32. What 33- What 34- What 35- What 36. What 37- What 38. What 39- What 40. What 41. What 42. What 43- What 44. What 45- What CHAPTER IX DIAGRAM ANALYSIS Diagram analysis—Figure illustrating the various points in anindicator diagram—Disadvantage of unequal cut off—Dia-gram from compound condensing engine—Rules for findingM. E. P. when the initial and terminal pressures are known
Twentieth century hand-book for steam engineers and electricians, with questions and answers .. . rnor?s meant by the term fixed cut off?s meant by an automatic cut off?s an isochronal governor?s an adjustable cut off? 32. What 33- What 34- What 35- What 36. What 37- What 38. What 39- What 40. What 41. What 42. What 43- What 44. What 45- What CHAPTER IX DIAGRAM ANALYSIS Diagram analysis—Figure illustrating the various points in anindicator diagram—Disadvantage of unequal cut off—Dia-gram from compound condensing engine—Rules for findingM. E. P. when the initial and terminal pressures are known,and the ratio of expansion—Equalizing the work done in thehigh and low pressure cylinders—Misleading diagrams causedby dirt in indicator cylinder—Diagrams showing effect ofcramped exhaust—Table of factors for calculating the steamconsumption fiom the terminal pressure. In the following study of indicator diagrams all theillustrations are reproductions of actual diagrams takenunder ordinary working conditions. Figs. 50 and 51are here introduced in order to define the different. FIGURE 50. points, lines and curves. Fig. 50 was taken from alarge vertical engine with the corliss valve motion. The engine being of slow speed and extremely longstroke (10 ft.) with a clearance of but 1 per cent., thecompression beginning at C and ending at B is some-what lighter than is ordinarily given to shorter stroke207 208 ENGINEERING engines. From B to D is the admission line, whichbeing practically perpendicular to the atmosphericline A, shows sufficient lead and ample port D to E is the steam line. Cut off occurs at E,and from E to F is the expansion curve. At F thepoint of release is quite sharply defined, as it shouldbe. From F to G is the exhaust line,, and from G to Cthe line of back pressure, sometimes called the line ofcounter pressure for the reason that the pressure indi-cated by it acts counter or in opposition to the forwardpressure of the steam on the pisto
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