Journal of electricity, power, and gas . 2 100% It is probable that a portion of the Unknown andCauses not Enumerated fires, may be electrical, con-sequently from 5 to 15 per cent of the fires in theUnited States are considered electrical. (To be continued.) Totals Per- 1SS1 to cent- 1905. 1905. ages. 51 457 40 799 . 569 6046 26 875 47 596 23 594 71 1337 95 1226 4 146 3156 275 4237 - 202 3101 10 108 1597 88 1777 53S 4347 26 412 15 355 The total annual rainfall upon all land accordingto an estimate by Sir John Murray, amo


Journal of electricity, power, and gas . 2 100% It is probable that a portion of the Unknown andCauses not Enumerated fires, may be electrical, con-sequently from 5 to 15 per cent of the fires in theUnited States are considered electrical. (To be continued.) Totals Per- 1SS1 to cent- 1905. 1905. ages. 51 457 40 799 . 569 6046 26 875 47 596 23 594 71 1337 95 1226 4 146 3156 275 4237 - 202 3101 10 108 1597 88 1777 53S 4347 26 412 15 355 The total annual rainfall upon all land accordingto an estimate by Sir John Murray, amounts to 29, cu. miles, and of this quantity 6,524 cu. milesdrains off through rivers to the sea. A cubic mile ofriver water weighs, approximately, 4,205,650,000 tons,and carries in solution, on the average, about 420,-000 tons of foreign matter. In all, about 2,735,000,000tons of solid substances are thus carried annually tothe ocean.—United States Geological Survey. 314 JOURNAL OF ELECTRICITY, POWER AND GAS [Vol. XXXII—No. 15. The Forty-eight Searchlight Scintillator for Spectacular Lighting, P. P. I. E. SOME P. P. I. E. LIGHTING DETAILS. BT J. W. GOSLING. (These further details of proposed lighting effectsat the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, SanFrancisco, 1915, are abstracted from a paper readby Mr. Gosling before the San Francisco Architec-tural Club, March 24, 1914.—The Editors.) This article will not deal with costs or main-tenance but will be devoted to ornamental and decora-tive aspects of the illumination planned. In the main group of buildings the lights whichare placed back of the windows will in part act alsoas a general source: of illumination to take care ofjanitor service. All windows in the exposition will be equippedwith lamps intended to cast an even bright, warmillumination through them, so that when the expo-sition is seen from the hills it will have a generallygay, pleasing and hospitable aspect, much resemblinga great building during


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