Science for beginners . Fig. 18.—Annual production of petroleum, 1859 to 1918. tiveness are known to exist in Mexico and South Americaand so it may be possible that we shall be importing much oilfrom these countries before many years. IX. ILLUMINATING GAS LIGHTING 47. Illuminating Gas.—By illuminating gas we usuallymean either manufactured coal gas or water-gas saturated 40 THE PRODUCTION AND USE OF LIGHT with oil vapors (Arts. 98 and 99). Whatever the source ofilluminating gas, it usually is piped into the house and passesthrough a meter where its volume is measured. The pricepaid for it is u
Science for beginners . Fig. 18.—Annual production of petroleum, 1859 to 1918. tiveness are known to exist in Mexico and South Americaand so it may be possible that we shall be importing much oilfrom these countries before many years. IX. ILLUMINATING GAS LIGHTING 47. Illuminating Gas.—By illuminating gas we usuallymean either manufactured coal gas or water-gas saturated 40 THE PRODUCTION AND USE OF LIGHT with oil vapors (Arts. 98 and 99). Whatever the source ofilluminating gas, it usually is piped into the house and passesthrough a meter where its volume is measured. The pricepaid for it is usually set at a certain sum per 1000 cu. ft. 48. The Gas Meter.—The common gas meter consists of agas-tight metal case, Fig. 20, which is divided by a metalpartition into two compartments. Each of these compart-ments is again divided into two compartments (A and B,. from . Qrppnrftch Fig. 19.—The oil fields of the United States. Fig. 21) by a metal disk and leather diaphragm, D, Fig. the upper portion of the case is a third, gas-tight com-partment, VC, Fig. 20, which encloses the valves. The gasenters the meter at the left through the inlet pipe, I, Fig. inlet pipe leads across the meter to an opening in thefloor of the valve chamber. The gas in the valve chamber isalways under the same pressure as that in the city mains. Beneath each valve are three openings, or ports, Fig. of these ports opens into chamber A, one into chamber B, ILLUMINATING GAS LIGHTING 41 and the middle port opens into the outlet pipe, 0. When agas lamp or gas stove is lighted, the pressure on the outlet isreduced. The disk, therefore, has unequal pressure upon itstwo sides and, as shown in Fig. 21, it is moved, in this case tothe left. This movement of the disks is transmitted to thevalves and to the recording mechanism. The two disks andthe two valves
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