China: Emperor Wen (21 July 541 – 13 August 604), first ruler of Sui Dynasty (r. 581-604). Ming Dynasty hanging scroll painting, 1368-1644. Emperor Wen of Sui, personal name Yang Jian, Xianbei name Puliuru Jian, temple name Gaozu and alias Naluoyan, was the founder of the Sui Dynasty. He was a high-ranking official during the reign of Emperor Xuan of Northern Zhou Dynasty, and when the emperor - who was his son-in-law - died in 580, Yang Jian seized the throne for himself after defeating the general Yuchi Jiong. He is regarded as the one of the most important emperors in Chinese history.

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