. The life of the Greeks and Romans. re), we havementioned before. Fig. 490shows a pencil lying on anFi£- 490- open book (c). The tablets were also used for writing letters, separate slaves or freedmen beingoccasionally employed as Ubrarii ab epistuMs. On sending theletter the tabellce were fastened together with a thread tied intoa knot, on which the wax seal was pressed. The outside of theletter bore the address. Another kind of writing was donewith ink (atramentum librarium), made of a solution of soot andgum, on papyrus or parchment (see Fig. 490, the inkstand,a, with the calamus lying on
. The life of the Greeks and Romans. re), we havementioned before. Fig. 490shows a pencil lying on anFi£- 490- open book (c). The tablets were also used for writing letters, separate slaves or freedmen beingoccasionally employed as Ubrarii ab epistuMs. On sending theletter the tabellce were fastened together with a thread tied intoa knot, on which the wax seal was pressed. The outside of theletter bore the address. Another kind of writing was donewith ink (atramentum librarium), made of a solution of soot andgum, on papyrus or parchment (see Fig. 490, the inkstand,a, with the calamus lying on it, and the half-opened writing-scroll, b). Of the materials and manufactory of the papyrus * The chronological enumeration of these discoveries from 1786 to 18*56 is found inErdy, De Tabulis ceratis in Transsilvania repertis. Pesth, 1856. See Massmann,Libellus aurariussive Tabulas ceratae, Leipsic, 1840 ; and Detlefsens Contributionsto the Sitzungsberiehte of the Wiener Akademie der Wissenschaften, Hist. , xxiii. and PUBLIC LIBRARIES. 53i we have already spoken. The height of the scroll varied,according to the quality of the paper, from 6 to 13 inches; as toits length, no rule can be given. A papyrus found in 1821,containing a fragment of the twenty-fourth book of the Iliad, is8 feet long by 10 inches high. One end of the papyrus was fittedinto the hollow part of a cane, and rolled round the cane, theends of which, slightly protruding, were adorned with buttons ofivory or metal (cornua, umbilici). To secure it against moths anddust the papyrus was put in a purple or yellow case (membrana) :to it, or (as appears from several wall-paintings) to the umbilici,the title of the book was tied. Several scrolls together were putinto a cylindrical case (scrinium, compare Fig. 235) with a coverto it; books or documents could thus be conveniently statues, clad in the toga ( Augusteum, Tafs. 117, 119),have a scrinium standing at their feet; and in a bas-reli
Size: 2537px × 985px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookpublisherlondonchapmanandha
