. Electric railway journal . ate mark. We drill three holes in the form of a 17G ELECTRIC RAILWAY JOURNAL [Vol. XLVII, No. 4 triangle in the blade, about 5 in. on each leg. In thismanner we are keeping our shovels. The shovels, ofcourse, are not allowed to be taken from the work, butif they are taken from the work they are easily identi-fied. I have never seen any of these shovels in any-bodys hands except those of men working for us. A good shovel should be made with a very thin blade,very tough and hard, have a good handle and hang sothat a man can use it without tiring. Hints on Compressor
. Electric railway journal . ate mark. We drill three holes in the form of a 17G ELECTRIC RAILWAY JOURNAL [Vol. XLVII, No. 4 triangle in the blade, about 5 in. on each leg. In thismanner we are keeping our shovels. The shovels, ofcourse, are not allowed to be taken from the work, butif they are taken from the work they are easily identi-fied. I have never seen any of these shovels in any-bodys hands except those of men working for us. A good shovel should be made with a very thin blade,very tough and hard, have a good handle and hang sothat a man can use it without tiring. Hints on Compressor Maintenance BY R. H. PARSONS Electrical Foreman Ten years ago one of the greatest sources of troubleexperienced in the operation of electric railways wasthe air-brake equipment. Some of the early equipmentswere so dangerous that even after going to the expenseof fitting up a large number of cars with air brakes,some companies discarded them and returned to handbrakes. However, as electrical apparatus generally has Worn Valve. COMPRESSOR MAINTENANCE—FIG. 1—PARTIAL SIDE AND ENDVIEWS OF NEW AND WORN VALVES improved, the air-brake parts have been made betteruntil now, with careful inspection and proper generaloverhauling, they give practically continuous service. The compressor itself is the largest and most impor-tant part of this equipment, and upon it depends thereliability of the service. The choice of the properperiod between overhaulings of the compressor depends altogether on circum-stances, assumingthat proper weeklyinspections are some service acompressor will oper-ate three or fouryears without re-moval from the car;in others, it must betaken down and over-hauled every twelveor eighteen it is overhauledno care should bespared to make it justas good as it waswhen turned out ofthe factory. It shouldbe entirely strippedand cleaned, all oldoil and dirt should beremoved, and the oilgrooves and channelsshould be armatures and fields should be
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