. Bygone church life in Scotland . infrequently didmuch more than exercise appellant jurisdiction,issuing orders to spur on the zeal of the inferiorones. The methods of punishment employed by theKirk were various. Excommunications werefreely launched against offenders, especiallyao-ainst those who did not accept in their ful-ness the teaching and practices of the penance was also resorted to, often inaddition to some other form of punishment; thepenance usually involving the use of the re-pentance-stool, or the jaggs, or jougs. Theformer of these was a wooden structure formedi
. Bygone church life in Scotland . infrequently didmuch more than exercise appellant jurisdiction,issuing orders to spur on the zeal of the inferiorones. The methods of punishment employed by theKirk were various. Excommunications werefreely launched against offenders, especiallyao-ainst those who did not accept in their ful-ness the teaching and practices of the penance was also resorted to, often inaddition to some other form of punishment; thepenance usually involving the use of the re-pentance-stool, or the jaggs, or jougs. Theformer of these was a wooden structure formedin two tiers or steps, the lower of which, used DISCIPLINE IN THE KIRK. ill for less heinous offences, was named the cock-stool. An offender, judged to perform a publicpenance on this stool, was first clothed in anappropriate habit, the Scottish representative ofthe traditional white sheet, which consisted ofa cloak of coarse linen, known as the hardengoun, the harn goun, or the sack arrayed, he (or she) stood at the kirk. REPENTANCE STOOL, FROM OLD GREYFRIARS,EDINBURGH. door while the congregation assembled andduring the opening prayer of the service ; justbefore the sermon the penitent was led in bythe sexton and placed, according to the termsof the sentence, either upon the highest degreeof the penitent stuill or upon the. cock-stool ; 112 BYGONE CHURCH LIFE. where he stood barefoot and bare-headed duringthe discourse, in which his sins and offenceswere not forgotten. The congregation generallywore their hats during the sermon. The minutes and accounts of the Presbyterieshave frequent allusions to this stool and itsaccompanying goun. Thus at Perth mentionis made of the provision of both cock-stool andrepentance-stool, and in 1617 the Kirk Sessionof the same place ordered a stool of stone tobe built. The Synods specially enjoined on allparishes the procuring of a repentance - gown ;in 1655 as much as ^4, 4s. 6d. was spent inone for Lesmahago, and in 1693 Kirkmichael,
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