. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. 180 Bulletin Museum of Comparative Zoology, Vol. 138, No. 5. MYRMECOTYPUS Diagram 1. Origins of the North and Central American Castianeirinae. The solid lines indicate the probable origins, while the dashed lines suggest the possible polyphyletic origins of Myrmecofypus. Carapace and abdomen hairless or cov- ered with simple and pkimose hairs but never with iridescent scales. Female genitalia with a simple pair of epigynal openings; bursae copulatrices leading to heavily sclerotized spermathecae. Male pedipalp with a
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. 180 Bulletin Museum of Comparative Zoology, Vol. 138, No. 5. MYRMECOTYPUS Diagram 1. Origins of the North and Central American Castianeirinae. The solid lines indicate the probable origins, while the dashed lines suggest the possible polyphyletic origins of Myrmecofypus. Carapace and abdomen hairless or cov- ered with simple and pkimose hairs but never with iridescent scales. Female genitalia with a simple pair of epigynal openings; bursae copulatrices leading to heavily sclerotized spermathecae. Male pedipalp with a large cymbium completely covering the dorsal portion of the genital bulb. Tlie genital bulb with a globular base and always somewhat ex- tended anteriorly with an embolus at its distal end. Palpal duct pattern of one or more loops in the basal portion of the gen- ital bulb. Anterior spinnerets conical (never cylin- drical) and adjacent to one another. Leg length order usually 412 3 but some- limes 4 2. Distribution. World-wide but predom- inantly tropical and subtropical. Diagnosis. Members of this subfamily differ from other members of tlie Club- ionidae in their distinctive male pedipalp and simple epigynal structure. Another dis- tinctive character is the shape of the en- dites. Discussion. Justification for the proposal of a new subfamily has been outlined in Reclassification of the Micariinae, p. 164. From the North and Central American representatives of this subfamily, it appears that Castianeira is a large, generalized group and that the other genera are specialized groups derived from Castianeira. The re- lationships of the genera in this study (see Phijlogenetic Relationships of the Genera, p. 167) are summarized in Diagram 1. Key to North and Central American Genera of CASTiANEmiNAE la. lb. Abdomen with a distinct, rugose abdominal petiole (Fig. 285); anterior eyes approxi- mately equal or anterior median eyes smaller than laterals Mazax Abdomen with a negligible
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