The New England magazine . h energy, uprightness,and constancy of purpose, or backward,through the old colony, across the sea, farbeyond the beginnings at Plymouth Rock in16 20. You may see his sturdy independence,his kindly spirit, his fearless intellectuality,in Brewster, Bradford, and Robinson, andtheir followers at Scrooby Manor in oldEngland, and you may find the same spiritof honest defiance in those Separatists of anearlier day who suffered martyrdom at thehands of their less tolerant neighbors. Ofsuch were the plain-dealing Latimer, Fox,author of the Book of Martyrs, the sturdyand scru
The New England magazine . h energy, uprightness,and constancy of purpose, or backward,through the old colony, across the sea, farbeyond the beginnings at Plymouth Rock in16 20. You may see his sturdy independence,his kindly spirit, his fearless intellectuality,in Brewster, Bradford, and Robinson, andtheir followers at Scrooby Manor in oldEngland, and you may find the same spiritof honest defiance in those Separatists of anearlier day who suffered martyrdom at thehands of their less tolerant neighbors. Ofsuch were the plain-dealing Latimer, Fox,author of the Book of Martyrs, the sturdyand scrupulous Hooper, and that intracta-ble Scotch firebrand, old John Knox. Puritanism—and in Puritanism was bornthe rugged thought, the fiery impulse,which were later to be refined and broad-ened into the New England character —had its birth in John de Wicliffe, who lived,preached, fought, and died — most truly amartyr, though not at the stake —nearlythree hundred years before the landing at 523 524 NEW ENGLAND MAGAZINE. Edwin D. Morgan, President 1865-1867 William M. Evarts, President 1858-1862 Plymouth. In brave old John de Wicliffewas first crystallized that state of mindwhich is the birthright of your true NewEnglander. In summing up his characteryou sum up the basic principles which inmany ways account for the society of whichI write. Wicliffe was a reformer, the greatest ofthe reformers before the Reformation,for he lived a hundred and fifty years beforeLuther. He was English born and collegebred, a student, a thinker, and withal a manof action. He received a degree from Ox-ford and lectured on divinity there, wasMaster of Baliol College, and later enteredthe ministry, where he was an able andpowerful preacher. He had the brains tosee the oppression and iniquity practisedby the Church of his day and the courageto speak his mind freely thereon. Hehad, moreover, the eloquence as a preacherwhich commands attention. When this hadbrought upon him the enmity of the greatpowe
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