. The peanut (Arachis hypogea)--its history, histology, physiology, and utility. ict the view that it is a native of this part of South America. Thewriter gives below a synopsis of his studies regarding the nativehome of the plant and its history so far as known in relation to man. Early American Records. The earliest mentions in any existingliterature are those pertaining to Brazil and Peru, and these ante-date any found in European works. Acosta^ in his work publishedin 1598, refers to it along with other plants which are native toBrazil, and calls it mani, a name still applied to it among S
. The peanut (Arachis hypogea)--its history, histology, physiology, and utility. ict the view that it is a native of this part of South America. Thewriter gives below a synopsis of his studies regarding the nativehome of the plant and its history so far as known in relation to man. Early American Records. The earliest mentions in any existingliterature are those pertaining to Brazil and Peru, and these ante-date any found in European works. Acosta^ in his work publishedin 1598, refers to it along with other plants which are native toBrazil, and calls it mani, a name still applied to it among Spanish JUH 25 §• WALDRON—THE PEANUT 303 speaking people of South America. Monardes, according toMarcgraf and Piso^, indicated its presence in Peru about this time,giving it the name of anchic. Aside from these and other earlymentions in literature, fruits of the plant were found in tombs atAncon, Peru. Their presence there undoubtedly antedates theSpanish conquest, and so, also, any written record. According toDubard , it was taken from Brazil to Peru sometime before the. Figure I (after Marcgraf & Piso). Mundubi Braziliensis. sixteenth century and there was cultivated from an early unknowndate. Among European works, Parkinson** in his celebrated^Theatrum Botanicum published in 1640, gives an illustration ofthe fruit, which is very likely the first. A few years later, (1648)Marcgraf and Piso were the first to figure the whole plant (Fig. i).It seems worth while to quote parts of Parkinsons quaint descrip-tion as follows: ArACHUS viroycia AmERICANUS. UNDERGROUND CiCHELING OF America or Indian Indian Earth-nuts (the figure whereof, I give you togetheras they are termed to us by them that have brought them us) are 304 WALDRON—THE PEANUT very likely to grow from such like plants as are formerly described,(Species of Vicia) not onely by the name but by the sight and tasteof the thing it selfe, for wee have not yet scene the face thereofabove ground, yet the frui
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