Operative gynecology : . Fig. 315.—Date-Seed Calculus in Right Ureter just above the Ureteral Orifice. be disregarded as it is too far out to be in the kidney and is probably due tosome shadow-casting substance in the intestines. i While, theoretically, ureteral stones may be found anywhere in the ureter,practically, they rarely occur except in the lower half inch of its extent. Thepresence or absence of these stones is determined by the skiagraph of thepelvis. A line drawn from a point half an inch internal to the pubic spine URETERAL CALCULI. 571 to the sacro-iliac articulation gives roughly
Operative gynecology : . Fig. 315.—Date-Seed Calculus in Right Ureter just above the Ureteral Orifice. be disregarded as it is too far out to be in the kidney and is probably due tosome shadow-casting substance in the intestines. i While, theoretically, ureteral stones may be found anywhere in the ureter,practically, they rarely occur except in the lower half inch of its extent. Thepresence or absence of these stones is determined by the skiagraph of thepelvis. A line drawn from a point half an inch internal to the pubic spine URETERAL CALCULI. 571 to the sacro-iliac articulation gives roughly the position of the ureter. A lightshadow occurring in this line may be regarded as a calculus (see Fig. 315).Care must be taken, however, not to confuse such a shadow with one cast by aphlebolith. This region is richly supplied with veins and it is quite commonfor phleboliths to form in them. The shadows cast by these concretions, how-. Fig. 316.—Shows Calculus in Right Ureteral Orifice, and just above, a Small Phlebolith. ever, are more definite and their edges are more sharply defined; moreover,they are smaller, rarely exceeding 3 mm. in diameter. (Fig. 316.) Sincethe conditions which lead to the formation of phleboliths are usually presentin all the veins in this region, these concretions are apt to be multiple. Where 572 THE USE OF THE X-RAY IN DETECTING CALCULI. the diagnosis is in doubt between the two conditions, the presence of one ormore similar shadows elsewhere would indicate that the shadow in questionwas that of a phlebolith and not of a calculus; nevertheless, in some cases it
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectgynecology, bookyear1
