Ramon Llull Stoned to Death by Muslims
Ramon Llull (1232 - 1315) was a Majorcan writer and philosopher, logician and a Franciscan tertiary. He wrote the first major work of Catalan literature. Recently-surfaced manuscripts show him to have anticipated by several centuries prominent work on elections theory. He is sometimes considered a pioneer of computation theory, especially given his influence on Gottfried Leibniz. Llull is well known also as a glossator of Roman Law. He wrote treatises on alchemy and botany. He wrote the romantic novel Blanquerna, the first major work of literature written in Catalan, and perhaps the first European novel. Some computer scientists have adopted Llull as a sort of founding father, claiming that his system of logic was the beginning of information science. At the age of 82, in 1314, Raymond traveled again to North Africa and an angry crowd of Muslims stoned him. Within the Franciscan Order, he is honored as a martyr. He was beatified in 1857 by Pope Pius IX. Illustration from Vies Des Savants Illustrates, Savants Du Moyen-Age by Louis Figuier, 1883.
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