. Commercial & government pesticide applicator basic manual. Pests; Weeds; Pesticide applicators (Persons). pesticides. Persistence is also a function of other environmental factors: soil type, soil pH, soil constituents, microorganisms, sunlight, weather, and application rates. Temik, an insecticide applied in the soil, breaks down more quickly in sandy than in clay soil. Imazamethabenz-methyl (Assert), a herbicide, reportedly breaks down quickly in the presence of sunlight. In the soil environment, imazamethabenz-methyl breaks down more slowly as soil pH increases, soil temperatures decr
. Commercial & government pesticide applicator basic manual. Pests; Weeds; Pesticide applicators (Persons). pesticides. Persistence is also a function of other environmental factors: soil type, soil pH, soil constituents, microorganisms, sunlight, weather, and application rates. Temik, an insecticide applied in the soil, breaks down more quickly in sandy than in clay soil. Imazamethabenz-methyl (Assert), a herbicide, reportedly breaks down quickly in the presence of sunlight. In the soil environment, imazamethabenz-methyl breaks down more slowly as soil pH increases, soil temperatures decrease and in the presence of soil calcium bicarbonate. Volatilization Pesticides may vaporize from both soil and vegetative surfaces. Volatilization is affected by temperature, as the temperature increases the potential for volatilization also increases. Pesticides may vaporize before they reach the vegetation, as shown in the figure below. Because leaf surface temperature is often higher than surrounding ambient air temperature, vaporization may occur as pesticides dry on vegetative surfaces. Volatilization after application decreases over time as pesticide uptake into the plant occurs. Pesticide vapor pressure will determine the potential for a compound to vaporize and enter the atmosphere. Pesticide vapor pressure indexes are used to determine the vaporization potential of pesticides from application and vegetation surfaces. Pesticide sorption and vapor pressure will determine the volatilization potential from dry soils. Generally, pesticides having vapor pressure indexes (VPI) of less than 10 are least likely to volatilize from dry soils, while those with VPIs greater than 1,000 will have the greatest potential to volatilize. Soil moisture content and pesticide water solubility must also be considered when determining the volatilization potential from a moist soil. Henry's Law Constant values (Kh) are used to indicate volatilization potential from moist soils. When the Henry
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