. The American railway; its construction, development, management, and appliances . ly paralleled from the experience of many railroads. Hencesettlements outside of the law are always preferred where they areat all possible, and an essential part of an efficient legal organizationis a suitable man always ready to repair promptly to the scene ofany loss or accident, to examine the circumstances with the eye ofa legal expert on liabilities. But the management of claims, and of loss and damage suits,though a large part, is by no means all of the legal business con-nected with a railroad. Every co
. The American railway; its construction, development, management, and appliances . ly paralleled from the experience of many railroads. Hencesettlements outside of the law are always preferred where they areat all possible, and an essential part of an efficient legal organizationis a suitable man always ready to repair promptly to the scene ofany loss or accident, to examine the circumstances with the eye ofa legal expert on liabilities. But the management of claims, and of loss and damage suits,though a large part, is by no means all of the legal business con-nected with a railroad. Every contract or agreement should passunder scrutiny of counsel, and in the preparation of the variousforms of bonds, mortgages, debentures, preferred stocks, etc., * See How to Feed a Railway, page 302. 154 RAIL WA V MANA GEMENT. which the wants of the day have brought forth, the highest legaltalent finds employment. For, as development has multiplied thetypes of carsand engines tomeet specialwants, so havea great varietyo f securitiesbeen develop-ed to meet the ^-^^^taste and prej- S. ^&S udices of investors of all na-tions. There is, in fact, a cer-tain fashion in the forms ofbonds, and the conditions in-corporated in mortgages,which has to be observed toadapt any bond to its proposedmarket. We shall now return to theoperating departments undertheir respective heads, andglance briefly at the methodsand detail pursued in roads of large mileage the general manager is assisted by gen-eral or division superintendents in charge of roadway, motivepower, and trains of one or more separate divisions ; but for ourpurposes we may consider the different departments without ref-erence to these superintendents. The superintendent of roadway or chief engineer comes first,having charge of track, bridges, and buildings. In his office arecollected maps of all important stations and junction points, keptup to date with changes and additions; scale drawings of allbridges and trestles, of all
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