. Essentials of medical and clinical chemistry. With laboratory exercises . than bile-acids may produce this reaction, we must, in cases ofdoubt, before applying the test, evaporate the urine to dryness, 391 If a yellow (decomposed) nitric acid is not at hand, an efficient one maybe made by adding a bit of zinc to some pure, fresh nitric acid. 208 ESSENTIALS OF CHEMISTRY. dissolve in alcohol, filter, again evaporate to dryness, and redis-solve in water. Leucin and Tyrosin occur only in bile urine, for they attenddestructive liver disease, especially acute, yellow atrophy andphosphorus-poisonin
. Essentials of medical and clinical chemistry. With laboratory exercises . than bile-acids may produce this reaction, we must, in cases ofdoubt, before applying the test, evaporate the urine to dryness, 391 If a yellow (decomposed) nitric acid is not at hand, an efficient one maybe made by adding a bit of zinc to some pure, fresh nitric acid. 208 ESSENTIALS OF CHEMISTRY. dissolve in alcohol, filter, again evaporate to dryness, and redis-solve in water. Leucin and Tyrosin occur only in bile urine, for they attenddestructive liver disease, especially acute, yellow atrophy andphosphorus-poisoning. They form yellowish crystalline deposits(Fig. 59) —leucin as spherules, with concentric striae, and tyrosinas sheaf-like bundles of fine needles. Cystin is a rare urinary sediment, a yellowish deposit ofhexagonal plates (Fig. 60), not dissolved by heat or acetic acid,but readily by ammonia. It is a highly sulphurized body whoseformation in the system is obscure. It sometimes forms calculi. Blood.—Hematuria (blood in urine) may occur as the result Fig. 60. Fig. Cystin. Blood Corpuscles. of (a) some disease or injury of the genito-urinary tract, asacute nephritis, calculus, parasites, cancer, wounds, etc.; (b) adepraved condition of the blood, as in scurvy, purpura and cer-tain infectious diseases ; (c) of a disturbance of the renal circula-tion, as in mental emotions, malarial paroxysms and cardiac ob-structions. Bloody urine, if acid, is of a smoky hue, or even of a dark red-dish brown; if alkaline, of a brighter red. If coming from thekidneys the blood corpuscles are diffused through the urine ; but if PART III. CLINICAL CHEMISTRY. 2O0 from the bladder or urethra, they may be in rouleaux, or evenclots. Owing to the biconcavity of the corpuscles, their centersand peripheries alternate in brightness and shadow, as the object-glass is made to approach or recede. Their color and smallersize also serve to distinguish them them from pus corpuscles. Indoubtful cases a min
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