. Cane sugar; a textbook on the agriculture of the sugar cane, the manufacture of cane sugar, and the analysis of sugar-house products. Fig. 200 which it has become widely used in the cane sugar industry, horizontal tubesare employed, on the exterior of which is distributed a film of material. 352 CHAPTER XVIII One cell of a form of the apparatus is seen in section in Figs. 201 and heating tubes e vary in length from 5 feet upwards and are usually3 inches in diameter ; they are expanded at one end into a thick tube plate,and are set at a slight incline, each tube having its own vent in
. Cane sugar; a textbook on the agriculture of the sugar cane, the manufacture of cane sugar, and the analysis of sugar-house products. Fig. 200 which it has become widely used in the cane sugar industry, horizontal tubesare employed, on the exterior of which is distributed a film of material. 352 CHAPTER XVIII One cell of a form of the apparatus is seen in section in Figs. 201 and heating tubes e vary in length from 5 feet upwards and are usually3 inches in diameter ; they are expanded at one end into a thick tube plate,and are set at a slight incline, each tube having its own vent into the vapour. space. The juice is circulated by means of centrifugal pumps c, and enterseach cell by the distributing pipe, whence it flows as a rain over the surfaceof the tubes. Steam enters at g and leaves at k. The condensed water istrapped at i and is circulated from cell to cell. The late forms of the Lillie apparatus are made reversible as regardsdirection of both liquor and steam. Kestner Apparatus.—This is covered by British patent 12502, 1906 ; EVAPORATION 353 patent 1016160, 1912. The apparatus depends on the principle ofthe dimbing film, and is illustrated in Fig. 203. It is a vertical tube exter-nally heated apparatus, and consists of a vertical tubular cluster wdth tubesabout 24 feet long. The juice enters the apparatus at the bottom throughthe pipe a, the heating steam entering at b. Under the influence of ebulhtionthe juice climbs up the interior of the tubes and passes on to the next effect in series by way of e. The condensed wateris removed at /, and the steam generatedaft
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectsugar, bookyear1921
