. The theory of horticulture. have hadabundant crops, equally dispersed over every part ofthe tree; and I have scarcely ever seen such an ex-uberance of blossom as this tree presents in the pre-sent spring. (Rort. Trans., ii. 78.) The practice was then followed by Sir JosephBanks, whose fruit trees, trained downwards over thewalls of his garden at Spring Grove, and facing the 262 APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES. high road, long excited the astonishment of passers-by ; and it has now been generally applied to othercases. What are called Balloon Apples and Pears,formed by forcing downwards all the bra
. The theory of horticulture. have hadabundant crops, equally dispersed over every part ofthe tree; and I have scarcely ever seen such an ex-uberance of blossom as this tree presents in the pre-sent spring. (Rort. Trans., ii. 78.) The practice was then followed by Sir JosephBanks, whose fruit trees, trained downwards over thewalls of his garden at Spring Grove, and facing the 262 APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES. high road, long excited the astonishment of passers-by ; and it has now been generally applied to othercases. What are called Balloon Apples and Pears,formed by forcing downwards all the branches ofstandard trees till the points touch the earth, are aninstance of this; and they have the merit of produc-ing large crops of fruit in a very small compass : theirupper parts are, however, too much exposed to ra-diation at night, and the crop from that part of thebranches is apt to be cut off. One of the prettiestapplications of this principle is that of Mr. CharlesLawrence, described in the Gardener s Magazine, OF TRAINING. 263 680, by means of which standard Eose trees are con-verted into masses of flowers. The figure given inthat work, and here reproduced {fig. 33), representsthe variety called the Bizarre de la Chine, whichflowered most abundantly to the ends of its branches,and was truly a splendid object. The last object of training to which it is necessaryto advert is that of improving the quality of fruit, bycompelling the sap to travel to a very considerable dis-tance. The earliest notice of this, with which I amacquainted, is the following by Mr. Williams ofPitmaston. Within a few years past, he says in 1818, Ihave gradually trained bearing branches of a smallBlack Cluster Grape, to the distance of near fifty feetfrom the root, and I find the branches every yeargrow larger, and ripen earlier as the shoots continueto advance. According to Mr. Knights theory ofthe circulation of the sap, the ascending sap mustnecessarily become enriched by the nutritious p
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