. The origin and evolution of life, on the theory of action, reaction and interaction of energy. AMPHIBAMUSAMPHIBIA CARBONIFEROUS AMPHIBIA DIPLOCAULUS PERMO-CARBONIFEROUS Fig. 60. Chief Amphibian Types of the Carboniferous. Restorations of the early short-tailed, land-living Amphibamus, the salamander-likeEtimicrerpcton, the eel-bodied Ptyoniits, and the broad-headed, bottom-living Diplo-cauliis. Prepared for the author by W. K. Gregory and Richard Deckert. phibia began to radiate into several habitat zones and adaptivephases, and thus to imitate the chief types of body form whichhad previousl
. The origin and evolution of life, on the theory of action, reaction and interaction of energy. AMPHIBAMUSAMPHIBIA CARBONIFEROUS AMPHIBIA DIPLOCAULUS PERMO-CARBONIFEROUS Fig. 60. Chief Amphibian Types of the Carboniferous. Restorations of the early short-tailed, land-living Amphibamus, the salamander-likeEtimicrerpcton, the eel-bodied Ptyoniits, and the broad-headed, bottom-living Diplo-cauliis. Prepared for the author by W. K. Gregory and Richard Deckert. phibia began to radiate into several habitat zones and adaptivephases, and thus to imitate the chief types of body form whichhad previously evolved among the fishes as well as to anticipatemany of the types of body form which were to evolve subse-quently among the reptiles. One ancestral feature of theamphibians is a layer of superficial body scales in some types,which appear to be derived from those of their lobe-finned fishancestors; with the loss of these scales most of the Amphibiaalso lost the power of forming a bony dermal armature. i8o THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE. Recent researches in this country, chiefly by WilHston,Case, and Moodie, indicate that the soKd-headed Amphibia(Stegocephaha) and primary forms of the ReptiKa chiefly be-long to late Carboniferous (Pennsylvania) and early Permiantime. They are found abundantly in ancient pool deposits,which are now widespread over the southwestern United States and Europe deposited inrocks of a reddish reddish color pointsto aridity of climate inthe northern hemis-phere during the periodin which the terrestrialadaptive radiation of theAmphibia arid conditionscontinued during thegreater part of Permiantime, especially in thenorthern the southern hemisphere there is evidence, on the con-trary, of a period of humidity, cold, and extensive glaciaticn,which was accompanied by the disappearance of the old lyco-pod flora (club-mosses) and arrival of the cool fern flora (GIos-sopteris), which appeared simultaneously in South A
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