. Canadian Shipping and Marine Engineering January-December 1916. development of the steam engineenabled more coal to be obtained andmore energy to be set free for the pro-duction of the manufactures which were essential to the development of seapower, and further brought about at alater date a much larger production ofiron and steel for the construction ofthe means of transportation than wouldhave been possible under conditions ofmanual labor alone. The sea power of the British Empirewas established in the early years of theeighteenth century, towards the end ofthe wars of the Spanish Success
. Canadian Shipping and Marine Engineering January-December 1916. development of the steam engineenabled more coal to be obtained andmore energy to be set free for the pro-duction of the manufactures which were essential to the development of seapower, and further brought about at alater date a much larger production ofiron and steel for the construction ofthe means of transportation than wouldhave been possible under conditions ofmanual labor alone. The sea power of the British Empirewas established in the early years of theeighteenth century, towards the end ofthe wars of the Spanish Succession, andthe seal was set upon it by the battlesof Trafalgar and Waterloo in the earlypart of the nineteenth century. It was,however, due largely to the start gainedby the pioneer work of James Watt thatthis sea power was enabled in the nine-teenth century to pass with advantagethrough the transition from wood toiron, and later, steel vessels, and thusmaintain, in the twentieth century, thatcommand of the seas which has been heldindisputably for over 200 OCEAN STEAM NAVIGATION CO. SS. / MARINE ENGINEERING OF CANADA The consideration of the work of themerehant navy in wartime, a work whichis by no means so secondary a matteras is commonly accepted, might be dealtwith by detailing the difficulties anddangers which have been experienced inmarine transportation during such astate of war as had certainly not been ex-perienced before. In reality, however, the considerationsinvolved affect much greater and more work of the merchant navy has approxi-mated to such end. It is first necessary to obtain someclear understanding of the meaning ofthe term sea power although an exposi-tion of all the factors, which are group-ed under that comprehensive term, wouldinvolve more time and space than is atmy disnosal; yet it is possible to give abrief summary of the main principles in-volved. that a military navy springs naturallyfrom a healthy commerce; in fact, inolden times,
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