. Principles and practice of plumbing . Pig. S2Air Chamber Digitized by Microsoft® 166 Principles and Practice of Plumbing columns of water were piled on top of one another. Owingto the compressibility of air, the water would rise to a cer-tain height in all the legs; but, the differences betweenlevels are the heads to be considered. For instance, thereis a depth of three feet of water in the tank. In the pipe a,on the other hand, there is a head of 18 inches to offset halfthe depth of water in the tank. The difference between thelevels of the water in legs b and c is 14 inches, and betweend a
. Principles and practice of plumbing . Pig. S2Air Chamber Digitized by Microsoft® 166 Principles and Practice of Plumbing columns of water were piled on top of one another. Owingto the compressibility of air, the water would rise to a cer-tain height in all the legs; but, the differences betweenlevels are the heads to be considered. For instance, thereis a depth of three feet of water in the tank. In the pipe a,on the other hand, there is a head of 18 inches to offset halfthe depth of water in the tank. The difference between thelevels of the water in legs b and c is 14 inches, and betweend and e 4 inches; and then 14 + 4 inches = 18 inches on topof the 18 inches of the column of water in a would give ahead of water equal to that in the tank, and one columnwould balance the other so no head would be left to causea flow. The water in the pipe is then air-bound. Trouble is never caused from air locks in high pressurework, but in domestic installation where the head of water Hydrostatic Leve/. Hydrau//c Gradient. Fig. 83Air Lock in Water Pipe is low it is a common cause of annoyance, often preventingwater reachingthe fixtures, particularly from the hot watertank. Double trapping of waste pipes will likewise causean air lock in the discharge from fixtures, the pipe flowingperfectly free when under the force of a pump or stream ofwater, but soon air-locking when only a couple inches ofwater are allowed to run into the waste pipe. In buildings where a storage tank is used, and fixturesare located on the same floor as the storage tank, but somedistance away, the water sometimes becomes air-bound soit will not flow at the fixtures on the same floor as the stor-age tank, particularly at the hot water faucet. This willonly occur if the hot water pipe dips down from the boilerto the cellar or basement before risjng to the fixtures, and Digitized by Microsoft® Principles and Practice of Plumbing 167 no relief pipe is provided. The reason is, when water isheated, its capacity
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