. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 294 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. Fig. 110. Long Ndebele spoon, Empandeni Mission, Mangwe, 1911, SAM-1342. The bowl rims and sections of the handle were decorated with branding (SAM-1342, Mangwe, 1911; SAM-10192, Essexvale, 1973). Several woods were used for carving spoons, namely the soft iganu (Sclero- carya caffra (Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk 1962: 55, 1320)) (O'Neil 1911: 238), the 'bush' umnyelenyele (O'Neil 1911: 238), the white and brittle umgugudu {Pseudocassine transvaalensis (Watt &am
. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 294 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. Fig. 110. Long Ndebele spoon, Empandeni Mission, Mangwe, 1911, SAM-1342. The bowl rims and sections of the handle were decorated with branding (SAM-1342, Mangwe, 1911; SAM-10192, Essexvale, 1973). Several woods were used for carving spoons, namely the soft iganu (Sclero- carya caffra (Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk 1962: 55, 1320)) (O'Neil 1911: 238), the 'bush' umnyelenyele (O'Neil 1911: 238), the white and brittle umgugudu {Pseudocassine transvaalensis (Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk 1962: 184, 1320)), makulu {Crossopteryx febrifuga (Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk 1962: 1261)), and umlendhovu {Balanites aegyptiaca (Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk 1962: 1322)) (Tjoiotjo, 1973). Very big spoons were used for stirring, in the preparation of beer (O'Neil 1911: 238), or for cooking porridge (SAM-1342, Mangwe, 1911). In the past food was eaten with the fingers, but by 1911 store-bought metal spoons were being used (O'Neil 1911: 238). A stirrer, upehlo or ubudlo, consisting of a forked stick, was rubbed between both hands to mash cooked food. Another stirrer, ipini, was used in porridge making (O'Neil 1911: 269). Itejane wood {Combretum hereroense (Watt & Breyer-Brandwijk 1962: 1252)) could be used to make stirrers (Tjoiotjo, 1973)). STOOLS Term: isitulo—siooX (Tjoiotjo, 1973). The use of stools by the Matabele is of relatively recent and non-indigenous origin (Hughes & Van Velsen 1955: 61), as shown by the term. In Lobengula's reign in the late nineteenth century, only the king was allowed a chair or stool, but by 1911 small wooden stools were being used generally (O'Neil 1911: 235). The stools seen were possibly reversible, since the concave round seat and base were roughly identical. Four legs, straight or curved, ran between the seat and base. The stools were small, about 30 cm both in height and at greatest diameter (Tjoiotjo and Essexv
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectnaturalhistory, booky
