. Bulletin. 1901-13. Agriculture; Agriculture. 20 AMKHICAX MKDICINAI. LEAVES AND IIERHS. BEARBERRY Arclnstnphi/los iira-ursi (L.) Spreiif?. rharmacopccial name.—Uva ursi. Other common names.—Red bearberry, bear's-grape, bear's bilberry, bear's whortle- berry, foxbcrry, uplan(l cranberry, mountain cranberrj^ rrowberry, nicalberry, rock- berry, mountain box, kinnikiiinic, killikiiiic, universe vine, brawlins, barren myrtle, 'Tcashak, t% growing in drj^ sandy or rocky s<jil from the ^liddle Atlantic States north to Labrador and westward to California and Alaska. Description.—The bear- berry is
. Bulletin. 1901-13. Agriculture; Agriculture. 20 AMKHICAX MKDICINAI. LEAVES AND IIERHS. BEARBERRY Arclnstnphi/los iira-ursi (L.) Spreiif?. rharmacopccial name.—Uva ursi. Other common names.—Red bearberry, bear's-grape, bear's bilberry, bear's whortle- berry, foxbcrry, uplan(l cranberry, mountain cranberrj^ rrowberry, nicalberry, rock- berry, mountain box, kinnikiiinic, killikiiiic, universe vine, brawlins, barren myrtle, 'Tcashak, t% growing in drj^ sandy or rocky s<jil from the ^liddle Atlantic States north to Labrador and westward to California and Alaska. Description.—The bear- berry is a low, much- branched shrub trailing over the ground and hav- ing leather\', evergreen leaves. It is a member of the heath family (Erica- ceae) and produces its prettv waxv flowers about ; The numerous crowded leaves are thick and leatherj', evergreen, about one-half to 1 inch in length, blunt and widest at the top and narrowing at the base, with a net- work of fine veins, smooth, and -with margins entire. The flowers are few*, borne in short drooping clusters at the ends of the branches, and are ovoid or somewhat bell shaped in form, four or five lobed, w'hite with a pinkish tinge. They are followed by smooth, red, glolnilar fruits, with an insipid, rather dr^'pulp, C(»ntaining five nutlets. (Fig. 12.) Collection, prices, and uses.—Bearberry or uva ursi leaves, official in the Lnited States Pharmacopoeia, are collected in autumn. Collectors receive from about 2 t(5 4 cents a pound for them. Bearberry leaves have a Intter, astringent taste and a faint odor. They act on the kidneys and bladder and have astringent and tonic properties. Another species.—The leaves of manKanita {Arctostaphylos ylaiua Lindl.), a shrub- like tree, 9 to 25 feet high, have properties similar to uva ursi and are also used in medicine for similar purposes. They are of a leathery texture, pale green, ovate oblong in shape, with unbroken margins, and about 2 inches in length. Manzanita
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