. Insect pests of farm, garden and orchard . in late summer, by which timemost of the injury has been done and it is too late to prevent this reason its control has been very generally neglected bygrape growers with a consequent loss the cause of which is oftenunsuspected. ^ * Typhlocyba comes Say. Family J ass idee. See Quaintance, ; Hartzell,; Quayle, ; and M. V. Slingerland, Bulletin 215, Cornell Univ. Sta. INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE GRAPE 521 The adult hoppers are about one-eighth inch long and thewings are prettily marked with yellow and red as shown in
. Insect pests of farm, garden and orchard . in late summer, by which timemost of the injury has been done and it is too late to prevent this reason its control has been very generally neglected bygrape growers with a consequent loss the cause of which is oftenunsuspected. ^ * Typhlocyba comes Say. Family J ass idee. See Quaintance, ; Hartzell,; Quayle, ; and M. V. Slingerland, Bulletin 215, Cornell Univ. Sta. INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE GRAPE 521 The adult hoppers are about one-eighth inch long and thewings are prettily marked with yellow and red as shown in In summer the young and adult insects are light yellowishin color, but before going into hil)ernation, the eyes of the adultsdarken and the peculiar jellow spots on the wings change to anorange red, thus giving the hibernating adidts a general reddishappearance. These darker markings on the adults vary so muchthat nine different varieties are now recognized, two of which arerepresented at h and c, in Fig. 375. Often several of the varieties. Q Fig. 375.—Grape leaf-hopper {Typhlocyba cnmes): a, adult female; h, adultmale; c, another form of the species, showing variation in markings;d, newly-hatched nymph; e, last stage nymph; /, appearance of injuredleaf; g, cast pupa skins—a, e, much enlarged; g, less enlarged; /, reduced.(From Marlatt, U. S. Dept. Agr.) may be found together on the same vines, but usually one colorform largely predominates. The nymphs are a light yellowish-green color with lemon-yellow stripes on each side of the pass through five molts before becoming adults, the wing-pads gradually getting larger in the later stages. No very similarinsects are common on the grape, so that the pest is readily recog-nized. Life Hislori/.—The adult hoppers hibernate over winter underleaves, grass, or trash in or near the vineyard, in neighboring 522 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD woods, along ditches or fences, etc. They emerge about May 1in New York
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