. A bird's eye view of our federal government . of the Smithsonian Institution. [Prof. Langley was horn at Roxbury, Mass., in 1834. He is best knownas an astronomer, having written much on that subject, and havingtauglit the science at Harvard, at the Naval academy at Annapolis,Md.,and at Pittsburg. He had been connected with the Smithsonian Insti-tution for some time before the death, in 1887, of his predecessor in of-fice, Spencer F. Baird.^ able collections of our antiquities, and the materials of earlyAmerican history are rapidly being carried away to other lands.^ 108. The Civil Service C
. A bird's eye view of our federal government . of the Smithsonian Institution. [Prof. Langley was horn at Roxbury, Mass., in 1834. He is best knownas an astronomer, having written much on that subject, and havingtauglit the science at Harvard, at the Naval academy at Annapolis,Md.,and at Pittsburg. He had been connected with the Smithsonian Insti-tution for some time before the death, in 1887, of his predecessor in of-fice, Spencer F. Baird.^ able collections of our antiquities, and the materials of earlyAmerican history are rapidly being carried away to other lands.^ 108. The Civil Service Commission. The civil service commission was appointed under the 90 OUE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Pendleton civil service reform bill passed in December, bill authorized the appointment of a commission of threeto aid the president in drafting rules for the administrationof the civil service. The rules are designed, under the law,to establish admission to the service by competitive ex-amination, tenure during good behavior for a fixed term,. ALFRED P, EDGERTON, Civil Service Commissioner. [Alfred P. Edgerton was born in New York in 1813. He has been aneditor, merchant and politician in his time. He is now a citizen of Indi-ana, but long resided in north-western Ohio, where he was sent to con-gress for two terms. Has taken prominent part in the Democraticparty managementj and also in educational movements in his state. Hewas appointed to his present office in 1885.] and ^promotion on a basis of merit and competition. Theobject of the reform is to take the civil service out of pol-ritics, and to put its administration on a business basis, OUR FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. 91 The idea that the 100,000 or more officers of the governmentcivil service belong to the party in power, took its risein the practice of President Jackson and his successors,who used these offices to reward their political the vast increase in the civil service after 1861, thepractice became intolerable
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