Transactions . value of the metal, effects a marked saving in flux, infuel, in iron-loss in the slag, and in the labor of bringing theconsiderable quantity of sand to the cupola and the slag awayfrom it. One ton of pig-iron cast in sand weighs, commerciallyspeaking, 2268 pounds, while 2240 pounds is the acceptedweight of one ton of sand-free iron. It is now customary topay a premium of about 25 cents per ton for iron cast in chills,over and above the price for the same iron cast in sand. Yet,the iron cast in chills is far from sand-free, as the chills are sel-dom perfect, being more or less pa
Transactions . value of the metal, effects a marked saving in flux, infuel, in iron-loss in the slag, and in the labor of bringing theconsiderable quantity of sand to the cupola and the slag awayfrom it. One ton of pig-iron cast in sand weighs, commerciallyspeaking, 2268 pounds, while 2240 pounds is the acceptedweight of one ton of sand-free iron. It is now customary topay a premium of about 25 cents per ton for iron cast in chills,over and above the price for the same iron cast in sand. Yet,the iron cast in chills is far from sand-free, as the chills are sel-dom perfect, being more or less patched with sand; and, be-sides, some sand is carried from the sand-runners and adheresto the iron. If metal cast in chills is at a premium, metal castin the casting-machine, and therefore absolutely sand-free,should command a yet higher premium. THE HANDLING OF MATERIAL AT THE BLAST-FURNACE. 37 Many of our foundrymen, who are compelled to work with-out the aid of a laboratory, and who have been trained to judge. their iron and to make up their mixtures from the appearanceof the open fracture, will undoubtedly object to the casting inchills, which deprives them of their accustomed guide for con- 38 THE HANDLING OF MATERIAL AT THE BLAST-FURNACE. ducting their operations. But if the foundryman would followthe example of the blast-furnace manager, who invariablyjudges his metal from the appearance of the fracture of a sam-ple cast in an iron chill, he would find such a fracture more re-liable and less variable than that of the slowly-cooled sand-pig.
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectmineralindustries
