Zöology; a textbook for colleges and universities . ere surrounds it. (b) Hudsonian Zone. So called because it is well developed in the vicinity of Hudson is a zone of dense coniferous forests, withhere and there a flowery meadow. In thewest it is of importance as the recipient andconservator of the moisture which ultimatelyfinds its way into the streams and irrigatesthe varied crops of the plains. The soil,largely composed of vegetable debris, andsheltered from the rays of the sun, acts as asponge and provides for a continual streamflow instead of roaring but transitory torrents. (c) C
Zöology; a textbook for colleges and universities . ere surrounds it. (b) Hudsonian Zone. So called because it is well developed in the vicinity of Hudson is a zone of dense coniferous forests, withhere and there a flowery meadow. In thewest it is of importance as the recipient andconservator of the moisture which ultimatelyfinds its way into the streams and irrigatesthe varied crops of the plains. The soil,largely composed of vegetable debris, andsheltered from the rays of the sun, acts as asponge and provides for a continual streamflow instead of roaring but transitory torrents. (c) Canadian Zone. A zone of mixed vegetation, with aspens, various conifers, and small fruitssuch as blackberries, raspberries, and cran-berries. This is the first zone in which wefind crops, unless timber is regarded as a potato, timothy grass, and some of themore hardy cereals are regularly grown. Theglades and meadows are filled with tall andluxuriant herbaceous plants, of the type ofvegetation known as mesophytic, - - that is, 458 ZOOLOGY. LIFE ZONES 459 middle plants, of neither very wet nor very dry ground. B. TRANSITION. This is the most difficult to de- Transitionfine, because it is in fact a meeting place of the borealand austral (southern) elements. Here will be foundbiological tension lines, where northern and southern,mountain and plain, organisms press outward fromtheir center of distribution, and meet one Transition may be divided into three areas: (a) Alleghanian Area. The humid Transition of the country east of the hundredth meridian. It isespecially prominent in Minnesota, Wiscon-sin, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, On-tario, New England, and the Alleghany is a region of mixed forests: chestnut,walnut, oak, beech, maple, etc. The decid-uous fruit trees are highly successful : apples,pears, plums, etc. It is a region of hops andpotatoes also. (b) Coloradian or Arid Transition Area. This oc- cupies large parts of Colorado, Utah, NewM
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