. The steam-engine and other heat-motors . reduce the amount of water necessary to operatecondensers is desirable. Evidently if the cooling-water could becooled and used repeatedly, a very great saving would be effected. Fig. 140 represents the Alberger cooling-tower for this consists of a thin cylindrical steel shell, open at the top andsupported on a suitable foundation, and having fitted on one sidea fan, the function of which is to circulate a current of air throughthe tower and its filling. This filling consists of layers of cylindrical6-inch tiles 2 feet long, breaking joints.
. The steam-engine and other heat-motors . reduce the amount of water necessary to operatecondensers is desirable. Evidently if the cooling-water could becooled and used repeatedly, a very great saving would be effected. Fig. 140 represents the Alberger cooling-tower for this consists of a thin cylindrical steel shell, open at the top andsupported on a suitable foundation, and having fitted on one sidea fan, the function of which is to circulate a current of air throughthe tower and its filling. This filling consists of layers of cylindrical6-inch tiles 2 feet long, breaking joints. The hot water passesup through a central pipe to four perforated arms that are madeto revolve by the discharge reaction. The water is thus sprayedover the tiles, down which it runs in thin layers, exposing an enor- * L ) d >d Engineering. 266 THE STEAM-ENGINE AND OTHER HEAT-MOTORS. mous surface to the air rising from the fan. The area of floor-space occupied varies from 1 to 2 square feet per hundred poundsof steam used by the SUCTION TANK Fig. 140. The fans must be large and run at low speed. The speed of thefans must vary with the temperature and humidity of the atmos- COXDEXSERS AXD AIR-PUMPS. 267 phere, and a direct engine-drive proves economical. The waterlost per hour by evaporation in the tower =.8 of the feed-waterused per hour. Hence the total water required by a condensing-plant with a tower is .8 of the feed-water instead of 30 to 50times the feed-water. The power to run the fans varies from 2%to less than 1% of that of the main engine. The following data show the effect of changes in the season: Temperature of atmosphere. condenser dis charge to Temperature of injection re-turned from tower Degrees of heat extracted bytower Speed of fans at Vacuum a condenser, inches Strokes of air-pump Boiler-pressure Temp, boiler-feed 30° F. 36° F. 78° F. 96° F. 85° F. 110° 110° 120° 130° 118° 65° 84° 84° 93° 88° 45° 26° 36
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