. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 168 WITCH-HAZEL Hamamelis virginiana, Linnaeus FAMILY AND GENUS DESCRIPTION—The Witch-hazel family, Hamamfclldaceae, contains about 16 genera with 50 species of which number only two genera have tree representatlyea in North America. The 2 genera are Hamamelis and Ldquidambar. Each genus U represented by a single Bpecles, both native to Pennsylvania. The genus Hamamelis comprises 3 species, 2 of which are found in eastern Asia and 1 described here. FOEM—A small tree or t>hrub sometimes reaching a height of 25 ft
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 168 WITCH-HAZEL Hamamelis virginiana, Linnaeus FAMILY AND GENUS DESCRIPTION—The Witch-hazel family, Hamamfclldaceae, contains about 16 genera with 50 species of which number only two genera have tree representatlyea in North America. The 2 genera are Hamamelis and Ldquidambar. Each genus U represented by a single Bpecles, both native to Pennsylvania. The genus Hamamelis comprises 3 species, 2 of which are found in eastern Asia and 1 described here. FOEM—A small tree or t>hrub sometimes reaching a height of 25 ft. with a diameter of 14 inches, but usually smaller. Trunk short, bears nuntcrous spreading, crooked branches which form a broad open head. BAKK—About 1/5 of an inch thick, light brown, somewhat mottled with light blotches; when young smooth, later scaly. Inner bark reddish-purple in color. Used for medicine, extract, and gargles. TWIGS—Zigzag, light-brown with small light grt'en pith, rather slender, often downy or scurfy especially near the end, sometimes smooth and shiny, covered with a few, scattered, white lt>nticels. BUDS—Alternate, 2-ranked, flattish, sometinM^s curved or falcate, covered with scale-like uitdeveloiMid leaves bearing dense brown hairs. Terminal buds usually sickle-shaped, about J-i of an inch long. Lateral buds few and very small. LEAVES—^Alternate, simple, oval, 4-6 inches long, rounded or sometimes acute at apex, oblitiue at base, dentate on margin, dark green above, paler beneath; midrib and primary veins prominent. LEAF-SCASS—Alternate, 2-ranked, heml-circular in outline with a raised margin, and contain 3 single or often compound bundle-scars which are lighter In color than the dark brown surface of the leaf-scar. FLOWEBS—Appear in October and November. Bright yellow, perfect, occur In small axillary clusters, surrounded by a scale-like 3-leaved involucre. Buds which produce the flowers occur in clusters of 3 on short stalks, are s
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