A rural survey in Maryland, made by the Department of church and country life of the Board of home missions of the Presbyterian church in the . ictreported an old practise of white-capping the idle. In general,however, there has been little necessity for coercion in this be sure, there are circles in which industry does not mean the longhours and unceasingly hard labor that usually characterize farm example, in the Laytonsville District, a proportion of the farm-owners represent what we may describe as The Old South, and amongthem the word industry must be libera
A rural survey in Maryland, made by the Department of church and country life of the Board of home missions of the Presbyterian church in the . ictreported an old practise of white-capping the idle. In general,however, there has been little necessity for coercion in this be sure, there are circles in which industry does not mean the longhours and unceasingly hard labor that usually characterize farm example, in the Laytonsville District, a proportion of the farm-owners represent what we may describe as The Old South, and amongthem the word industry must be liberally interpreted. These menare good farmers, but do not themselves do much of the hard work,and in consequence they are not making the progress economically thatmany of their thriftier neighbors are making. Among the negroes, the conditions are not so favorable. The exactfacts were exceedingly difficult to get at. Probably at least two-thirdsof the adults are illiterate and a considerable proportion more or. lessregularly indolent. (In the Sandy Spring neighborhood, a bulletinof the Department of Labor, 1899, reported 70% of the negroes as able 32. HOME OF A PROSPEROUS COLORED FARMER to read and write, the majority of them as industrious, and many ofthem as obtaining and holding property. The conditions here areexceptional, however, and our present remarks are applicable to theremainder of the county). It was frequently suggested to the investiga-tors, as a profitable field for study, that they endeavor to ascertain justwhat sources of income certain colonies of negroes had, as they werepopularly believed to do no work. But if the negroes of the county are to any considerable extent illiterateand indolent, at least a part of the blame should be put upon the whitepopulation, who appear to have taken it for granted that such conditionswill always maintain and to have made no especial effort toward im-provement. They have neglected the colored schools, have given noencouragement to
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