. The encyclopædia of geography: comprising a complete description of the earth, physical, statistical, civil, and political. he first civilised people who occupied Spain, which, for severalcenturies, was considered as theirs. They founded colonies on the most advantageous points,worked its rich silver mines, and easily allured many of its brave but poor inhabitants intotheir mercenary armies; they were far, however, from having thorouglily subdued tlie Pen-insula, the people of which, on the rise of the Roman power, endeavoured by its alliance toemancipate themselves from the Punic yoke. The
. The encyclopædia of geography: comprising a complete description of the earth, physical, statistical, civil, and political. he first civilised people who occupied Spain, which, for severalcenturies, was considered as theirs. They founded colonies on the most advantageous points,worked its rich silver mines, and easily allured many of its brave but poor inhabitants intotheir mercenary armies; they were far, however, from having thorouglily subdued tlie Pen-insula, the people of which, on the rise of the Roman power, endeavoured by its alliance toemancipate themselves from the Punic yoke. The siege and fall of Saguntum seemed tohave extinguished these hopes, and to have secured the ascendency of Carthage; but theevents whicli marlced the close of the second Punic war completely humbled that proudrepublic, and put an end to its dominion over Spain. The Romans, by the capture of Numantia in b. c. 134, established their supremacy overSpain, undisputed by any other nation; but the complete subjugation of its inliabitants wasa long and arduous task, to which the utmost exertions of Ceesar and his lieutenants were. Merino Sheep. Book L SPAIN. 560 not fully adequate. Spain, however, was at length reduced to a province, divided by Augus-tus into three parts:—Tarraconensis, the north and east; Baetica, the south; and Lusitaliia,Portugal. The Spaniards even became civilised and peaceable subjects; so that whenRome, sinking under its own weight, was unable to defend them, they could not resumetheir early independence, but fell a prey to the Vandals, Goths, and other barbarous hordesthat poured in from the north of Europe. The Goths, in this terrible struggle, finally prevailed; and in 418 a Gothic dynasty wasfully established over Spain. These barbarous invaders appear here, as elsewhere, to haveexpelled or extirpated the native people, whose features and language are recognised onlyin some of the higher mountain districts. After a sway of three centuries, the Goths weredes
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