A history of the growth of the steam-engine . m-cylinder60 inches in diameter, and was built on the plan just de-scribed. Another of the contemporaries of James Watt was aclergyman, Edwaed Caktweight, the distinguished inven-tor of the power-loom, and of the first machine ever used incombing wool, who revived Watts plan of surface-conden-sation in a somewhat modified form. Watt had made a pipe-condenser, similar in plan to those now often iised,but had simply immersed it in a tank of water, instead of ina constantly-flowing stream. Cavtwright proposed to usetwo concentric cylinders or spheres,
A history of the growth of the steam-engine . m-cylinder60 inches in diameter, and was built on the plan just de-scribed. Another of the contemporaries of James Watt was aclergyman, Edwaed Caktweight, the distinguished inven-tor of the power-loom, and of the first machine ever used incombing wool, who revived Watts plan of surface-conden-sation in a somewhat modified form. Watt had made a pipe-condenser, similar in plan to those now often iised,but had simply immersed it in a tank of water, instead of ina constantly-flowing stream. Cavtwright proposed to usetwo concentric cylinders or spheres, between which thesteam entered when exhausted from the cylinder of the en- THE CONTEMPORARIES OF JAMES WATT. 141 gine, and was condensed by contact with the metal water within the smaller and surrounding the exteriorvessel kept the metal cold, and absorbed the heat dis-charged by the condensing vapor. Cartwrights engine is best described in the Philosophi-cal Magazine of June, 1798, from which the accompanyingsketch is Via. 89.—Cartwriglits Engine, 1798. The object of the inventor is stated to have been toremedy the defects of the Watt engine—^imperfect vacuum,friction, and complication. In the figure, the steam-cylinder takes steam throughthe pipe, JB. The piston. It, has a rod extending down-ward to the smaller pump-piston, G, and upward to thecross-head, which, in turn, drives the cranks above, bymeans of connecting-rods. The shafts thus turned are con- 142 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MODERN STEAM-ENGINE. nected by a pair of gears, ML, of whieli one drives apinion on the shaft of the fly-wheel. D is the exhaust-pipe leading to the condenser, F; and the pump, G, re-moves the air and water of condensation, forcing it intothe hot-well, H, whence it is returned to the boiler throughthe pipe, I. A float in H adjusts an air-valve, so as tokeep a supply of air in the chamber, to serve as a cushionand to make an air-chamber of the reservoir, and pei-mitsthe ex
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookidc, booksubjectsteamengines
