. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. VARIETIES OF MANKIND. tained that the profile view is the most cha- racteristic, and that the " facial angles " of the different races vary so greatly and so con- stantly, that upon this character alone a valid distinction might be founded. By Blumen- bach, on the other hand, it was considered that the comparison of the breadth of the head, particularly as seen in the vertical aspect, is the method by which the most strongly-marked differences are brought into view. By Professor Owen the importance of the
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. VARIETIES OF MANKIND. tained that the profile view is the most cha- racteristic, and that the " facial angles " of the different races vary so greatly and so con- stantly, that upon this character alone a valid distinction might be founded. By Blumen- bach, on the other hand, it was considered that the comparison of the breadth of the head, particularly as seen in the vertical aspect, is the method by which the most strongly-marked differences are brought into view. By Professor Owen the importance of the basal aspect has been especially dwelt upon, in his comparison of the skulls of the higher Quadrumana with that of Man, as more fully indicating the relative proportions and extent, and the peculiarities of formation, of different parts of the cranium, than any other method. By Dr. Pritchard, again, the importance of the front or facial view has been clearly shown, in regard, at least, to one variety of cranial conformation. Lastly, by Prof. Ret- zius, the length of the cranial cavity in pro- portion to its breadth is considered as the character of greatest importance; this being regarded by him as indicative of the relative development of the posterior lobes of the cerebral hemispheres, and of the degree in which they cover-in, or extend beyond, the cerebellum. As we have already seen, the superior development of these posterior lobes constitutes a marked difference between the cerebrum of Man and that of the higher Quadrumana ; and in this respect it would appear from the evidence afforded by cranial conformation *, that there is a marked differ- ence among the several races of mankind. The only method of comparison which can be fairly relied on, is that in which all the points of difference are taken into account; and as this has been done more fully by Dr. Prichard than by any other ethnologist, his arrangement will be taken as the chief guide in the present instance.—I
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