The diseases of infants and children . older children the procedure is occasionallyuseful in cases of collapse, as after profuse hemorrhage, using a sterilizedwarm normal salt-solution ( per cent.). The treatment of syphilis 246 THE DISEASES OF CHILDREN by arsphenamine is preferably given intravenously. Sodium bicarbonatemay be, given intravenously m cases of acidosis (see p. 232), or a 5per cent, solution of dextrose in severe malnutrition in gastrointestinaldisorders. 17. Transfusion of Blood.—The introduction of blood from ahuman subject into the veins of a patient has been found useful
The diseases of infants and children . older children the procedure is occasionallyuseful in cases of collapse, as after profuse hemorrhage, using a sterilizedwarm normal salt-solution ( per cent.). The treatment of syphilis 246 THE DISEASES OF CHILDREN by arsphenamine is preferably given intravenously. Sodium bicarbonatemay be, given intravenously m cases of acidosis (see p. 232), or a 5per cent, solution of dextrose in severe malnutrition in gastrointestinaldisorders. 17. Transfusion of Blood.—The introduction of blood from ahuman subject into the veins of a patient has been found useful in casesof hemorrhage or of severe anemia from other causes. It has also beenemployed successfully in hemorrhagic diseases in the new-born. Thetransfusion may be accomplished directly into the vein from*the circu-lation of the individual furnishing the blood, or the blood may be aspi-rated into a glass syringe and then promptly injected into one of the largeveins of the child, preferably the median cephalic or the external Fig. 40.—The Performance of Lavage of the Stomach. Either procedure requires technical skill, the first especially so. Thesimplest method is the employment of a citrated blood, using 1 part ofa sterilized per cent, solution of sodium citrate and 4 parts of prevents coagulation. With any method it is essential first to testthe agglutinative action of the blood of the recipient and of the donor uponeach other, or dangerous hemolysis may take place (Minot).^ From 1to 2V^ (30 to 75) of blood may be injected at the age of 6 months orless; 3 to 4 (89 to 118) at 1 year, and 4 to 6 (118 to 177) at2 or 3 years (Zingher).^ 18. Lavage.—Very frequently obstinate acute or chronic vomitingwill be made to cease by lavage after the administration of drugs hasfailed entirely. A stomach-tube is employed, composed of a soft rubbercatheter, No. 13 or 14 American scale, connected by a piece of thin glass- 1 Boston Med. and Surg.
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