The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . eans of a small canal, once connected theBaltic with the North Sea until it was super-seded by the large Kaiser Wilhclm canal. Ofthe large rivers the Rliine is the only onewhich, owing to its Alpine origin, affords goodshipping all the year round. The others gen-erally suffer from lack of water during thedry season, and only by extensive river regula-tion has it been possible to satisfy the needsof modern river transportation. Harbors.—The se
The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . eans of a small canal, once connected theBaltic with the North Sea until it was super-seded by the large Kaiser Wilhclm canal. Ofthe large rivers the Rliine is the only onewhich, owing to its Alpine origin, affords goodshipping all the year round. The others gen-erally suffer from lack of water during thedry season, and only by extensive river regula-tion has it been possible to satisfy the needsof modern river transportation. Harbors.—The seaports suffer from similardisadvantages. The Baltic has good river liar-bors CKonigsberg, Danlzig, Stettin) or fiords(Kiel), but their location on an inland sea,though recently improved througli the KaiserWilhclm canal, puts them at on the open North Sea have to combatwith the dangers of shallow water on a sinkingcoast (Watten), and Hamburg and Bremenowe their importance more to the energy oftheir merchants than to natural , the naval port on the Jade bay,is an entirely artificial creation. The chain of. r GERMANY — PHYSIOGRAPHY the Frisian Islands represents the old coastline,Heligoland being the only genuine island inthat region. On the Baltic coast. Riigen is thelargest and most picturesque of the Germanislands. Climate.— Being open to the mild westerlywinds, Germany has a milder climate thanwould be expected from its latitude. There islittle difference between the North and South,as in the latter higher elevation counterbal-ances the southerly location. The mean annualof Hamburg is 48° F., of Leipzig, 47°; ofMunich, 45°. A greater contrast exists betweenthe East and West, the lowland sharing al-ready the continental climate of Russia withcolder winters and warmer summers. The lat- five duchies (Anhalt, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Meiningen. Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Brunswick;,seven principalities (Waldeck, two Schwartz-burg, two Lippe,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectencyclo, bookyear1908
