Mediaeval and modern history . ons relating to taxation, butgradually they acquired the right to share in all matters that might come beforeParliament. Just thirty years later (in 1295), in the reign of Edward I, there wasgathered through regular constitutional summons what came to be called the ModelParliament, since in its composition it served as a pattern for later Parliaments. CONQUEST OF WALES 205 From this gathering, then, may be dated the birth of theHouse of Commons (1265). Formed as it was of knights andburghers, representatives of the common people, it was at first aweak and timorou
Mediaeval and modern history . ons relating to taxation, butgradually they acquired the right to share in all matters that might come beforeParliament. Just thirty years later (in 1295), in the reign of Edward I, there wasgathered through regular constitutional summons what came to be called the ModelParliament, since in its composition it served as a pattern for later Parliaments. CONQUEST OF WALES 205 From this gathering, then, may be dated the birth of theHouse of Commons (1265). Formed as it was of knights andburghers, representatives of the common people, it was at first aweak and timorous body, quite overawed by the great lords, butwas destined finally to grow into the controlling branch of theBritish Parliament. 212. Conquest of Wales (1272-1282). — For more than sevenhundred years after the withdrawal of the Romans from Britain,the Celtic tribes of Wales maintained among their mountainfastnesses an ever-renewed struggle with the successive invadersof the island, — with Saxon, Dane, and Norman. They were. Fig. 2^. — Carnarvon Castle. (From a photograph) This fortress was founded by Edward I in 12S3. It is one of the most impressiveof the decayed mediaeval strongholds of the British Isles forced to acknowledge the overlordship of some of the Saxon andNorman kings ; but they were restless vassals, and were constantlywithholding tribute and refusing homage. When Edward I (i272-1307) came to the English throne,Llewellyn III, who held the overlordship of the Welsh chiefs,refused to render homage to the new king. Edward led a strongarmy into the fastnesses of the country and quickly reduced hisrebel vassal to submission. A few years later, and the Welshpatriots were again in arms; but the uprising was soon crushed,and Llewellyn was slain (1282). His head, after the barbarousmanner of the times, was exposed over the gateway of the Towerof London. The last remnant of Welsh independence was nowextinguished. Edward made his little son, born during the 2o6 GROWTH
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubje, booksubjectmiddleages
