. Forging of iron and steel, a text book for the use of students in colleges, secondary schools and the shop . lting from the fusing together of the fluxand the impurities in the ore. 22 FORGING OF IRON AND STEEL made by clecarburizing pig iron by a process calledPuddling in a furnace called a Puddling Furnace (). Such a furnace consists of a horizontal concavehearth B, covered by a low arched roof, which reverber-ates heat uponthe iron to be re-fined, which heatis produced bythe combustionof a gaseous fuelin the space be-tween the roofand the results inburning outnearly all
. Forging of iron and steel, a text book for the use of students in colleges, secondary schools and the shop . lting from the fusing together of the fluxand the impurities in the ore. 22 FORGING OF IRON AND STEEL made by clecarburizing pig iron by a process calledPuddling in a furnace called a Puddling Furnace (). Such a furnace consists of a horizontal concavehearth B, covered by a low arched roof, which reverber-ates heat uponthe iron to be re-fined, which heatis produced bythe combustionof a gaseous fuelin the space be-tween the roofand the results inburning outnearly all thecarbon, silicon,and manganese,and some of thephosphorus andsulphur. There are twopuddlingpro-cesses, the dryand wet. Ineach, the opera-tion is composedof three periods— fusion, robbling,1 and forming the blooms. Dry Puddling. — In this process, white or refined ironis chiefly used. The charge consists of about 4 cwt. ofmetal and some rich slags. This is partially melted, inabout half an hour, to a pasty mass. The mass is then 1 Robbling is the moving of the mass by means of the tools ofthe AIR in 11 IRON AND STEEL 23 :^\\\^\s^ stirred with an iron bar in order to expose all of theparts to the oxidizing influence of the air. As the im-purities are removed, the iron becomes less fusible, andrequires that the temperature be greatly increased tokeep the iron liquid, but as it is not, the particles beginto solidify. The particles of iron are worked togetherinto balls, weigh-ing about 80 lbs.,by the pud-dlers, with apuddle bar. Wet Puddling.— Wet puddlinghas succeeded thedry method, asthe preliminaryrefining is there-by dispensedwith. The pigsused in wet pud-dling are siliceousor strongly car-burized. The bed and
Size: 1294px × 1932px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1915
