Chambers's encyclopaedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge . e also carried are calde and electric tramways, and thetown possesses a university. In 1889 a teriible tiredestroyed the whole business portion—sixty lilocks—witli the wharves, and cost nearly §10,000,000:but within a year 2(i5 new buililings, mostly of ironand stone, besides sixty wluuves, with a frontageof 2 miles, were erected. Pop. (1880) 3533 ; (1890)42, See (Echinoidca), a class of Echinoderms. In the more typical genera, such asEchinus, the body is symmetrical and nearlvglobu
Chambers's encyclopaedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge . e also carried are calde and electric tramways, and thetown possesses a university. In 1889 a teriible tiredestroyed the whole business portion—sixty lilocks—witli the wharves, and cost nearly §10,000,000:but within a year 2(i5 new buililings, mostly of ironand stone, besides sixty wluuves, with a frontageof 2 miles, were erected. Pop. (1880) 3533 ; (1890)42, See (Echinoidca), a class of Echinoderms. In the more typical genera, such asEchinus, the body is symmetrical and nearlvglobular; others, such as Sjiatangus, are heartshaped ; and others, such as Clypeaster, are shieldsliajied and flattened. In all the body i^walled in by continuous plates of lime, which,though capable of iudeiiendent growth, are rigidlyconnected, except in Ecliinothurid:e, which shells, as the extinct Palao-echinoidea seenalso to have had. In a tyjiical sea-urchin, such as Echinus esciikiitus ov Strviiijijlovcntrutus Hvidiis, the body is e. Fig. 1.—Conuiirm Sun-urchin {Krhiniix rscukntus), one-liulf with spines removed. slightly flattened sphere, covered with movablespines. The food-canal begins in the middle of thelower surface, and ends at the opposite pole in the 286 SEA-URCHINS SEAWEEDS middle of an apical disc, which consists of acentral i)late sunouniled by live ocularand live genital |ilates. The oculav plates liear eyespecks : the yenital (ilates hear the oiieninjis oftlie genital diicls, hut ime of the live is inodiliedas a niadrcporic plate thr<)uj;h which fluid entersand leaves the water-vascular system. From jmleto pole extend ten meridians—each a double rowof calcareous plates which lit one another of these meridians—in line with the ocularplates—are known as ambulacral areas, for throughholes in their plates the locomotor tube-feet aieextruded ; the other live meridians, alternatinj;witli the former and in line with the g
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1901
