. Introduction to structural and systematic botany, and vegetable physiology. Botany. EXOGENOUS OR DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS. 435 ovuled, with one perfect cell and two abortive ones. Fruit a kind of achenium. Seed suspended, exalbuminous. Embryo straight, radicle superior.—Ex. Valeriana, the Valerian, and Fedia, the Lamb- Lettuce : the latter is eaten as a salad. The perennial species, especially the roots, exhale a heavy and peculiar odor, have a some- what bitter, acrid taste, and are antispasmodic and vermifugal. Valerian of the shops is chiefly from Valeriana officinalis of the South of Europe
. Introduction to structural and systematic botany, and vegetable physiology. Botany. EXOGENOUS OR DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS. 435 ovuled, with one perfect cell and two abortive ones. Fruit a kind of achenium. Seed suspended, exalbuminous. Embryo straight, radicle superior.—Ex. Valeriana, the Valerian, and Fedia, the Lamb- Lettuce : the latter is eaten as a salad. The perennial species, especially the roots, exhale a heavy and peculiar odor, have a some- what bitter, acrid taste, and are antispasmodic and vermifugal. Valerian of the shops is chiefly from Valeriana officinalis of the South of Europe. It produces a peculiar intoxication in cats. The large roots of V. edulis are eaten by the aborigines of Oregon. The famous Spikenard of the ancients, esteemed as a stimulant medicine as well as a perfume, is the root of a Nardostachys of the Himalayas. 843. Ol'd. DipsacCEB {Teasel Family). Herbs, with opposite or whorled sessile leaves, destitute of stipules. Flowers in dense heads, which are surrounded by an involucre. Limb of the adnate calyx cup-shaped and entire or toothed, or forming a bristly or plumose pappus. Corolla tubular; the limb four- or flve-lobed, some- what irregular. Stamens four, distinct, or rarely united in pairs, often unequal, inserted on the corolla. Ovary one-celled, one-ovuled. Seed suspended, albuminous. — Ex. Dipsacus, the Teasel, and Scabiosa, or Scabious. All natives of the Old "World. Teasels are the dried heads of Dipsacus fullonum, covered with stiff and spiny bracts, with recurved points. 844. Oril, Composite {Composite or Sunflower Family). Herbs or shrubs; with the flowers in heads (compound flowers of the. older botanists, 394, Fig. 323-325), crowded on a receptacle, and surrounded by a set of bracts {scales) forming an involucre ; the sep- arate flowers often furnislied with bractlets {chajf, palea). Limb of the adnate calyx obsolete, or a pappus (Fig. 669-573), consisting FIfl. 887. A head of flowers of Ciohory (Jig. 323) Terti
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Keywords: ., bookauthorgra, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1850, booksubjectbotany
