. Medieval architecture, its origins and development, with lists of monuments and bibliographies. les, three semicircular apses, and projectingtransepts, are called the T-formed basilicas by the GermanarchjEologists, and offer the most connected group of monumentsthat we have thus far met in the Carolingian period, althoughthey cannot be regarded as forming a national or progressive style. The whole subject of Ifahan influences on the North and Northern influence on Italy ismuch controverted. \ passajje from Raoul Glaber is often quoted, in which it is stated that , after ha\-ing \is
. Medieval architecture, its origins and development, with lists of monuments and bibliographies. les, three semicircular apses, and projectingtransepts, are called the T-formed basilicas by the GermanarchjEologists, and offer the most connected group of monumentsthat we have thus far met in the Carolingian period, althoughthey cannot be regarded as forming a national or progressive style. The whole subject of Ifahan influences on the North and Northern influence on Italy ismuch controverted. \ passajje from Raoul Glaber is often quoted, in which it is stated that , after ha\-ing \isited Italy, went on to France with a band of Italian artists (the greaterpart Benedictine monks), and that there he built niai^nificent churches. (See Cattaneo, p. 224).This appears to have been about the end of the X centiiry. On the other hand, Fortunato (803-82G) tells us that workmen were sent from France to restore the baptisterj- at Grado. (Cattaneo,p. 239). It is probable, however, that such migrations of workmen in either direction were un-usual. - Hochst-am-Main and Seligenstadt. 138. III. 8(i. — ..r l)<, at Aadieri FEUDALISM On the death of Charlemagne (814) his empire passedentire into the hands of his son, Louis the Pious, but its decHnehad ah-eady begun. By the Treaty of Verdun (843) it wasspht into three parts, two of which afterwards formed the basisfor the later nations, France and Germany. For a momentthe Empire was again reunited under Charles the Fat, but hewas entirely without power or capacity, and after a few yearswas deposed (887). Thus the territorial unity of the Empire wasfinally destroyed. In the very next year (888) the lastlegitimate Carolineian ceased to rule. These years of disintegration were sad ones for Europeancivilization. Culture never again sank quite so low as it hadin the VH century, but the relapse from the age of Charlemagnewas very marked. While Saracens, Hungarians, and, worst ofall, the Northmen attacked the frontiers
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