. Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments. Geology. 354 INLAND CHALK-CLIFFS IN NORMANDY. [Ch. XIX. Fig. 348. Section across Valley of Seine. mass of sand, gravel, and clay, from 30 to 100 feet thick. The two op- posite slopes of the hills a and b, fig. 348, where the chalk appears at the surface, are from 2 to 4 miles apart, and they are often perfectly smooth and even, like the steepest of our downs in England; but at many points they are broken by one, two, or more ranges of vertical and even overhanging cliffs of b
. Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments. Geology. 354 INLAND CHALK-CLIFFS IN NORMANDY. [Ch. XIX. Fig. 348. Section across Valley of Seine. mass of sand, gravel, and clay, from 30 to 100 feet thick. The two op- posite slopes of the hills a and b, fig. 348, where the chalk appears at the surface, are from 2 to 4 miles apart, and they are often perfectly smooth and even, like the steepest of our downs in England; but at many points they are broken by one, two, or more ranges of vertical and even overhanging cliffs of bare white chalk with flints. At some points detached needles and pinnacles stand in the line of the cliffs, or in front of them, as at c, fig. 348. On the right bank of the Seine, at Andelys, one range, about 2 miles long, is seen varying from 50 to 100 feet in perpendicular height, and having its continuity broken by a num- ber of dry valleys or coombs, in one of which occurs a detached rock or needle, called the Tete d'Homme (see figs. 349, 350). The top of this rock presents a precipitous face toward every point of the compass ; its vertical height being more than 20 feet on the side of the downs, and 40 toward the Seine, the average diameter of the pillar being 36 feet. Its composition is the same as that of the larger cliffs in its neighborhood, namely, white chalk, having occasionally a crystalline texture like mar- ble, with layers of flint in nodules and tabular masses. The flinty beds Fig. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Lyell, Charles, Sir, 1797-1875. New York, D. Appleton and co.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectgeology, bookyear1868
