Man Born to Toil, from The Reward of Labour and Diligence, plate 1 1572 Philips Galle Netherlandish A baby representing mankind suckles at one of Natura’s seven breasts. Suspended in her vicinity is a giant sphere to which are stuck all manner of tools, as if magnetized. In medieval schools of thought, work involving the manipulation of matter, including the production of "artificial forms"—in other words, art—had not enjoyed the same status as pursuits such as philosophy and theology. This image attests to the newfound prestige accorded to the professional class in Europe, who over the course

Man Born to Toil, from The Reward of Labour and Diligence, plate 1 1572 Philips Galle Netherlandish A baby representing mankind suckles at one of Natura’s seven breasts. Suspended in her vicinity is a giant sphere to which are stuck all manner of tools, as if magnetized. In medieval schools of thought, work involving the manipulation of matter, including the production of "artificial forms"—in other words, art—had not enjoyed the same status as pursuits such as philosophy and theology. This image attests to the newfound prestige accorded to the professional class in Europe, who over the course of the sixteenth century successfully argued for the value of labor and the virtues of work in support of a meaningful Man Born to Toil, from The Reward of Labour and Diligence, plate 1. The Reward of Labour and Diligence. Philips Galle (Netherlandish, Haarlem 1537–1612 Antwerp). 1572. Engraving, second state of four (New Hollstein). Prints

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